求翻译 百度翻译就算了 在线等 谢谢The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the initial glass has shownthat the glass is completely amorphous without crystallizationpeaks. However, after annealing we have easily identified extra diffractionpeaks ascribed to CaF2 crystalline phase precipitation inthe glass matrix (Fig. 1); the line positions agree with those predictedfor the cubic CaF2 (reference # 01-075-0097 in the JCPDSdatabase). The analysis of the XRD pattern yielded an increase ofthe lattice constant d from 5.457 to 5.497 Å. This was ascribed tothe inclusion of interstitial fluorine ions (which compensate theexcess positive of Eu3+ ion that substitute the divalent calciumion) and enlarge the crystal lattice [7]. The small peak at 31.82\3marks the [2 0 0] XRD line characteristic for the substitutions ofCa2+ ions by the Eu3+ ions [8]. The small peak at 26.6\3 was associatedwith the [1 1 1] XRD line characteristic for the substitution ofCa2+ ions by the Eu2+ ions. As can be observed part of the Eu2+ ionshave been oxidized to Eu3+ ions due to the oxidizing atmosphere inwhich the annealing was performed. The mean size of the nanocrystalscalculated from the XRD pattern (Fig. 1) by using the Debye–Scherrer equation yields about 65 nm for the size of theCaF2 nano crystals. The extent of the crystallization has been computedby comparing the areas under the XRD peaks of CaF2 nanoparticleswith the total area under the XRD curve, and yieldedabout 3% nano-crystalline phase dispersed within a glass matrix.The size of the CaF2 nanocrystals that seen in the TEM image ofthe glass-ceramics grains (Fig. 2) was about the same size rangeresulting from the Debye–Scherrer equation for the mean size ofthe embedded CaF2 nanocrystals.The shift of the absorption edge of the initial doped glass wasattributed to the absorption of Eu2+ ions in the glass matrix [10].Two small peaks at about 394 and 463 nm are due to the5F0?5L6 and 5F0?5D2 transitions of the Eu3+ ions present in theglass matrix [9]. The effect of particles growth during annealingcan be clearly seen in the annealed glasses (Fig. 3 curves c–e) bythe displacement of the scattering spectrum to longer wavelengthswith increasing annealing times. A transparency region can be observedat longer wavelengths where the extinction coefficient kfalls with a 1/kn wavelength dependence, with n \3 4–5. This suggeststhat Rayleigh scattering is the dominant mechanism in thisregion [5]. The relatively high transparency of glass-ceramic wasascribed to weak light scattering as a result of the smallness ofthe nanocrystals with respect to the wavelength of visible lightand provides a prerequisite condition for applications.
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The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the initial glass has shown that the glass is completely amorphous without crystallization peaks.
原浆玻璃的X光衍射 (XRD) 曲线已经表明这种玻璃在没有结晶波峰的情况下完全是非晶质的.However, after annealing we have easily identified extra diffraction peaks ascribed to CaF2 crystalline phase precipitation in the glass matrix (Fig. 1); the line positions agree with those predicted for the cubic CaF2 (reference # 01-075-0097 in the JCPDS database).
然而,我们在退火后已经容易地确定额外的衍射峰归因于玻璃矩阵中CaF2晶相的析出（图2）；其系位与对立方晶系CaF2（参考JCPDS 数据库中的 # 01-075-0097）所预测的衍射峰是一致的.The analysis of the XRD pattern yielded an increase of the lattice constant d from 5.457 to 5.497 Å. This was ascribed to the inclusion of interstitial fluorine ions (which compensate the excess positive of Eu3+ ion that substitute the divalent calcium ion) and enlarge the crystal lattice [7].
X光衍射 (XRD) 曲线的分解生成了晶格常数d（或点阵常数d）从5.457到5.497 Å的增加.这种现象被认为是组织间氟离子（补偿置换二价钙离子的多余三价铕离子的正电荷）的混入和扩大晶体点阵而产生的[7].The small peak at 31.82
marks the [200] XRD line characteristic for the substitutions of Ca2+ ions by the Eu3+ ions
位于31.82 的小波峰标志着因为被三价铕离子对二价钙离子替代的 [2 0 0] X光衍射(XRD) 线性特征[8].The small peak at 26.6
was associated with the [1 1 1] XRD line characteristic for the substitution of Ca2+ ions by the Eu2+ ions.
位于26.6的小波峰由于被二价铕离子对二价钙离子替代,与[1 1 1] X光衍射(XRD)线性特征结合在一起.As can be observed part of the Eu2+ ions have been oxidized to Eu3+ ions due to the oxidizing atmosphere in which the annealing was performed.
正如可被观察到的,由于在里面进行退火的氧化气氛,部分二价铕离子已被氧化为三价铕离子. The mean size of the nancrystals calculated from the XRD pattern (Fig. 1) by using the Debye–Scherrer equation yields about 65 nm for the size of the CaF2 nano crystals.
用德拜-谢尔乐（Debye–Scherrer）方程式的方法计算出来的来自X光衍射(XRD)曲线（图一）的结晶体的平均大小对钙F2毫微结晶体的大小缩小大约65纳米. The extent of the crystallization has been computed by comparing the areas under the XRD peaks of CaF2 nano particles with the total area under the XRD curve, and yielded about 3% nano-crystalline phase dispersed within a glass matrix.
用在钙F2毫微粒子的X光衍射波峰下的区域与在X光衍射曲线下的总区域相比,晶体形成的宽度已被计算确定,而且缩小大约在玻璃基体内部弥散的3%毫微-晶相.The size of the CaF2 nanocrystals that seen in the TEM image of the glass-ceramics grains (Fig. 2) was about the same size range resulting from the Debye–Scherrer equation for the mean size of the embedded CaF2 nanocrystals.
对于嵌入的钙F2毫微粒子的平均大小,在透射电子显微镜下微晶玻璃颗粒图像（图二）中看到的钙F2毫微结晶体的大小大约是由德拜-谢尔乐方程式产生的同样的粒度范围. The shift of the absorption edge of the initial doped glass was attributed to the absorption of Eu2+ ions in the glass matrix [10].
原浆掺杂玻璃吸收边沿的位移归于玻璃基体中的二价铕离子的属性[10].Two small peaks at about 394 and 463 nm are due to the 5F0?5L6 and 5F0?5D2 transitions of the Eu3+ ions present in the glass matrix [9].
位于394和463纳米的两个小峰是由于出现在玻璃基体中三价铕离子的 5F0?5L6和 5F0?5D2的转换[9].The effect of particles growth during annealing can be clearly seen in the annealed glasses (Fig. 3 curves c–e) by the displacement of the scattering spectrum to longer wavelengths with increasing annealing times.
用随着增加的退火时间的散射光谱位移到更长波长,退火期间粒子增加的结果可以在退火玻璃中（图三曲线c–e）清晰地看到. A transparency region can be observed at longer wavelengths where the extinction coefficient k falls with a 1/kn wavelength dependence, with n
4–5. This suggests that Rayleigh scattering is the dominant mechanism in this region [5].
在更长波长处可以观察到透光度区域,消光系数k 在这些波长中以1/1000牛顿波长函数关系变量降低.The relatively high transparency of glass-ceramic was ascribed to weak light scattering as a result of the smallness of the nanocrystals with respect to the wavelength of visible light and provides a prerequisite condition for applications.
微晶玻璃相对高的透明度,作为就可见光的波长而论毫微晶体微小的结果是归结于弱光散射的属性的,同时这种透明度为实际应用提供了必备条件.译者附言：本人非专业出身,仅靠英语知识与微不足道的物理和化学常识做出上述翻译,如果采用,务必要从专业角度进行通稿.
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x射线衍射(XRD)模式的初始玻璃显示这是完全没有crystallizationpeaks无定形玻璃。 然而,我们很容易确定退火后的额外的衍射CaF2高峰归因于水晶阶段降水玻璃基质(图1);行位置同意这些预测CaF2了立方(引用在JCPDS # 01-075-0097数据库)。XRD分析模式产生了增长晶格常数d从5.457到5.497个。...
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