E-world energy & water: Home
E-world energy & water&Home
E-world 2017
Thank you for your visit.
Focus Topic 2018: Smart City
Experience intelligent solutions for the city of tomorrow.
MOBILE WEB APP
Interactive floorplan, congress program and all important information for take-away - even without network connectivity.
New Record with 750 Exhibitors and "Smart City" as the Defining Subject
The second fair and congress day offered a variety of information for the assembled industry.
Air Conditioning, Digital Tariffs and Smart Metering.
Digitisation, decentralisation and decarbonisation are shaking up the energy industry.
The Energy leadership meeting today again opened the E-world Congress 2018.
The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive and the revised Energy Efficiency Directive are particularly salient to this year's thematic at E-world, the "Smart City".
Floor Plan and Exhibitor List 2018
With over 750 exhibitors from 26 countries.
Become an Exhibitor
Secure your booth for 2019.
E-world Congress 2018
10 conferences at four days.
Save the Date: E-world 2019
5-7th February 2019
Brochure E-world 2018
Get an overview: This ist the E-world 2018.
Partner 2018Oracle Java SE Support Roadmap
Oracle Java SE Support Roadmap
(Updated March 5, 2018) Oracle provides this updated roadmap for &Oracle Java SE products () to help customers understand the maintenance and support options available.& Starting September 2017, Oracle has moved to a &Long Term Support& (LTS) model for Oracle Java SE products.& This means that LTS versions, offering Premier and Sustaining Support, will be targeted for release every three years.& In addition, feature releases will be targeted for every six months along with quarterly maintenance/security updates.& A short video is available providing an overview of these &&.& The following provides a more detailed review of the Java SE products support roadmap, along with examples specific to available major releases. All customers should refer to their specific service contract to determine their support entitlement. Please see the
for complete details.
& End of Public Updates for Oracle JDK 8 As outlined in the Oracle JDK Support Roadmap below,&Oracle will not post further updates of Java SE 8 to its public download sites for commercial use after January 2019.
Customers who need continued access to critical bug fixes and security
fixes as well as general maintenance for Java SE 8 or previous versions can get long term support through Oracle Java SE Advanced, Oracle Java SE Advanced Desktop, or Oracle Java SE Suite. All other users are recommended to upgrade to the latest major releases of the Oracle JDK or OpenJDK. &
Oracle does not plan to migrate desktops from Java 8 to later versions via the auto
update feature.& Individuals who require Java SE for non-corporate desktop use will continue to receive updates through at least December 2020.& Instead of relying on a pre-installed standalone JRE, we encourage application developers to deliver JREs with their applications.& More details will be made available through early 2018. &&
Java SE Public Updates
End of Public Updates
Notification
End of Public Updates
January 2019* and December 2020*(as described above)
Mar 2018**
10 (18.3)***
11 (18.9 LTS)***
* or later. ** Java SE 9 will be a short term release, and users should immediately transition to the next release (18.3) when available. *** Oracle has proposed a new version scheme for Oracle based builds (YY.M) starting in March, 2018. Java SE 10 (18.3) will be a short term release and users should transition to the next release when available.**** In September 2017 Oracle announced a road map for &which is planned to take effect starting September 2018.
& Oracle Java SE Product Releases Customers seeking longer support and maintenance periods for feature releases are encouraged to migrate to the Oracle Java SE product offerings (). For releases after Java SE 8, Oracle Java SE product releases not designated as LTS releases will be maintained until the subsequent release.& For example, the LTS release for Oracle JDK 11 (18.9 LTS)& (targeted for GA September 2018) will be supported for at least 5 years as described in the .& Support will be provided via a series of serial, non-LTS feature and maintenance releases which will be maintained until the subsequent non-LTS release.& After 3 years, the next LTS version will be scheduled for release.& Oracle Java SE Advanced and Oracle Java SE Suite put you in control of your upgrade strategy so you can enjoy continued peace of mind, knowing that no matter which product release you're running, Oracle can support your business. Examples of some key product dates for Oracle Java SE product offerings include:
Oracle Java SE
Support Roadmap*
Premier Support
Extended Support
Sustaining
Indefinite
Indefinite
Indefinite
9 (non-LTS)
Not Available
Indefinite
10 (18.3^) (non-LTS)***
Mar 2018***
Sep 2018***
Not Available
Indefinite***
11 (18.9 LTS)^***
Sep 2018***
Sep 2023***
Sep 2026***
Indefinite***
* Oracle Java SE product EOL dates are provided here as examples to illustrate the Oracle Java SE Advanced, Oracle Java SE Advanced Desktop and Oracle Java SE Suite EOL Policy. Customers should refer to
for the most up-to-date information. ** These support timelines apply to client and server deployments of Java, with the exception of the web deployment technology. See &Support of Deployment Technology& section below for details. *** LTS designation and dates, as noted in the above example, are subject to change. ^ Oracle has proposed a new version scheme for Oracle Java SE builds of (YY.M) starting in March, 2018. & Support of Deployment Technology and JavaFX The web deployment technology, consisting of the Java Plugin and Web Start technologies, has a shorter support lifecycle. For major releases through Java SE 7, and for the Java SE 8 Plugin, Oracle provides five (5) years of Premier Support for these technologies. Java SE 8 will continue to support Web Start through Premiere and Extended Support timeframes.&Java deployment technology will not be supported beyond Java SE 8. See the
for details.
Deployment Technology for Java SE 6 and Java SE 7 has been removed as of October 2017.& Although the deployment stack may be included in Java SE 9 or later releases, Java SE 8 is the recommended and only supported version of the deployment stack.& The Java SE 8 deployment stack may be used to run Java SE 6, or Java SE 7 applications on Windows platforms. starting with Java SE 11 (18.9 LTS).& Support for JavaFX on Java SE 8 will continue through the entire Premiere Support term, March 2022.&
Extended Support Life for Java SE 6 In April 2014 Oracle extended the support lifetime for Java SE 6.& Before this extension the end of Premier Support was Dec 2013 and the end of Extended Support was scheduled for Jun 2017.& The new support dates are: End of Premier Support on Dec 2015, and End of Extended Support on Dec 2018.&&
The extension of Support Life for Java SE 6 does not include the Java SE 6 Deployment Technology.& Java SE 6 Deployment Technology will only be available until Jun 2017.& Update releases of Java SE 6 released after Jun 2017 will not include deployment technology.
Relevant Links
Java Resources
About Oracle
Top Actions
Key Topics
Integrated Cloud Applications & Platform ServicesIPC APEX EXPO 2019
TECHNOLOGY'S FUTURE COMES TOGETHER
A future that drives success for the entire electronics industry becomes reality when the industry comes together. Join your peers and colleagues to learn, share knowledge and push the boundaries of technology.
Plan now to be in San Diego for IPC APEX EXPO 2019.
877-472-4724 (Toll Free)
+1 847-597-2861 (outside U.S. and Canada)Morning Edition : NPRFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from )
Armed soldiers as seen in Tainan by Dr. M. Ottsen who served for the
Woodcut "The Terrible Inspection" by Rong-zan Huang
The February 28 Incident or the February 28 Massacre, also known as the 2.28 Incident (from : 二二八事件; : ?r’èrbā shìjiàn), was an anti-government uprising in Taiwan that was violently suppressed by the -led
, which killed thousands of civilians beginning on 28 February 1947. The number of Taiwanese deaths is estimated to be 10,000. The massacre marked the beginning of the
in which tens of thousands of other Taiwanese went missing, died or were imprisoned. The incident is one of the most important events in Taiwan's modern history and was a critical impetus for the .
In 1945, following the
at the , the
handed temporary administrative control of Taiwan to the Republic of China (ROC), thus ending 50 years of . Local inhabitants became resentful of what they saw as high-handed and frequently corrupt conduct on the part of the Kuomintang (KMT) authorities, their arbitrary seizure of private property and their economic mismanagement. The flashpoint came on 27 February 1947 in , when a dispute between a cigarette vendor and an officer of the Office of Monopoly triggered civil disorder and an open rebellion that lasted for days. The violence spread and led to indiscriminate lynching of Mainlanders. The uprising was violently put down by the , and the island was placed under martial law.
The subject was officially taboo for decades. On the anniversary of the event in 1995,
addressed the subject publicly, a first. The event is now openly discussed and details of the event have become the subject of government and academic investigation. February 28 has been designated Peace Memorial Day (和平紀念日; hépíng jìniànrì), an official public holiday. Every February 28, the president of the ROC gathers with other officials to ring a commemorative bell in memory of the victims. The president bows to family members of 2/28 victims and gives each one a certificate officially exonerating any victims previously
as . Monuments and memorial parks to the victims of 2/28 have been erected in a number of Taiwanese cities, including
and Taipei. Taipei's former "Taipei New Park" was rededicated as
and houses the National 228 Memorial Museum to commemorate the tragic incident. The museum opened on 28 February 1997, and re-opened on 28 February 2011, with new permanent exhibits.
February 28 Massacre
Transcriptions
?rèrbā Dàtúshā
Ellellba Datwusha
?rh4 ?rh4 Ta4 T'u2 Sha1
The "Two-Two-Eight Incident" name derives from the "year-month-day"
convention used for .
do not have common names for the months, so months are given as numbers and dates are given in the form "a-b-c-d year, x month, y day, with all numbers being read out as cardinals without any leading zeroes. With the incident dated February 28, 1947, the name is rendered "one nine four seven year, two month, two (tens) eight day". For brevity just the numbers are given, and, as a date of significance, the day and month without the year suffices as the name. Other historical events named using the same conventions as the "Two-Two-Eight Incident" include the
(4 May 1919) the "Five-Four Movement", the
(5 April 1976) the "Four-Five Movement" and the
(4 June 1989) the "Six-Four Incident".
Cover of the first issue of Taiwan Literature Magazine (臺灣文藝; Táiwān wényì) printed in 1934, during Japanese rule
During the 50 years of Japanese rule in Taiwan (), Japan developed Taiwan's economy and raised the standard of living for most Taiwanese people, building up Taiwan as a supply base for the Japanese main islands. Consequently, Taiwanese perceptions of the Japanese rule were more favourable than perceptions in other parts of
and . Taiwanese adopted Japanese names and practised , while the schools instilled a sense of "Japanese spirit" in students. By the time World War II began, many Taiwanese were proficient in the Japanese language.
Severe inflation led the Bank of Taiwan to issue of bearer's checks in denominations of 1 million Taiwan Dollars (TW$1,000,000) in 1949.
After World War II, Taiwan was placed under the administrative control of the
to provide stability until a permanent arrangement could be made. , the Governor-General of Taiwan, arrived on 24 October 1945, and received the last Japanese governor, , who signed the document of surrender on the next day. Chen Yi then proclaimed the day as
to make Taiwan part of the Republic of China, although there were questions about the legality of doing so.
(KMT) troops from
were initially welcomed by local inhabitants, but their behaviour and the KMT maladministration led to Taiwanese discontent during the immediate postwar period. As Governor-General, Chen Yi took over and sustained the Japanese system of
in , , , , , , ,
and , just the way the Nationalist treated people in other former Japan-control areas(people call him robber "劫收"). He
some 500 Japanese-owned factories and mines, and homes of former Japanese residents. Economic mismanagement led to a large , runaway
and . Many commodities were compulsorily bought cheaply by the KMT administration and shipped to Mainland China to meet the
shortages where they were sold at very high profit furthering the general shortage of goods in Taiwan. The price of
rose to 100 times its original value between the time the Nationalist took over to the spring of 1946, increasing to nearly 4 times the price in Shanghai. It inflated further to 400 times the original price by January 1947.
from Mainland China dominated nearly all industry, political and judicial offices, displacing the Taiwanese who were formerly employed. Many of the ROC garrison troops were highly undisciplined, looting, stealing and contributing to the overall breakdown of infrastructure and public services. Because the Taiwanese elites had met with some success with self-government under Japanese rule, they had expected the same system from the incoming ruling Chinese Nationalist Government. However, the Chinese Nationalists opted for a different route, aiming for the centralization of government powers and a reduction in local authority. The KMT's nation-building efforts followed this ideology based on unpleasant experiences with the centrifugal forces during the
that had torn the government in China. Mainland Communists were even preparing to bring down the government like the . The different goals of the Nationalists and the Taiwanese, coupled with cultural and language misunderstandings served to further inflame tensions on both sides.
in Taipei is housed in a broadcast station that played a role in the incident.
"Terror In Formosa", a news article from
of , reported the status in March.
Angry residents storm the Yidingmu police station in Taipei on February 28, 1947
Painter and Professor
was killed in
Medical doctor and Taipei City Councilor Huang Chao-sheng lost and murdered in Taipei
On the evening of 27 February 1947, a Tobacco Monopoly Bureau enforcement team in Taipei went to the district of Taiheichō (),
(present-day ), where they confiscated contraband cigarettes from a 40-year-old widow named Lin Jiang-mai (林江邁) at the . When she demanded their return, one of the men holding a gun hit Lin's head with a pistol, prompting the surrounding Taiwanese crowd to challenge the Tobacco Monopoly agents. As they fled, one agent shot his gun into the crowd, killing one bystander. The crowd, which had already been harboring many feelings of frustration from unemployment, inflation and corruption of the Nationalist government, reached its breaking point. The crowd protested to both the police and the gendarmes, but was mostly ignored.
Violence flared the following morning on February 28. Security forces at the Governor-General's Office tried to disperse the crowd. Some fired on the protesters who were calling for the arrest and trial of the agents involved in the previous day's shooting, resulting in several deaths. Formosans took over the administration of the town and military bases on March 4 and forced their way into local radio station to protest. By evening,
had been declared and curfews were enforced by the arrest or shooting of anyone who violated curfew.
For several weeks after the February 28 Incident, the Taiwanese civilians controlled much of Taiwan. The initial riots were spontaneous and somewhat violent. Within a few days the Taiwanese were generally coordinated and organized, and public order in Taiwanese-held areas was upheld by volunteer civilians organized by students, and unemployed former Japanese army soldiers. Local leaders formed a Settlement Committee, which presented the government with a list of
for reform of the provincial administration. They demanded, among other things, greater autonomy, free elections, surrender of the ROC Army to the Settlement Committee, and an end to governmental corruption. Motivations among the various Tai some demanded greater autonomy within the ROC, while others wanted UN trusteeship or full independence. The Taiwanese also demanded representation in the forthcoming peace treaty negotiations with Japan, hoping to secure a plebiscite to determine the island's political future.
Outside of Taipei, it was less peaceful. Mainland Chinese also experienced violence. Public places like banks and post offices were looted. Some had to flee for Military Police protection. A few smaller groups formed, including the -inspired "". They looted 3 machine guns, 300 rifles, and hand grenades from military arsenals in Taichung and Pingtung. The armed Taiwanese shot or injured around 200 Nationalist Army soldiers which quickly precipitated the house arrest or execution of those who participated in the rebellion.
The , under , stalled for time while it assembled a large military force in . Upon its arrival on March 8, the
launched a crackdown. The New York Times reported, "An American who had just arrived in China from
said that troops from the mainland China arrived there on March 7 and indulged in three days of indiscriminate killing and looting. For a time everyone seen on the streets was shot at, homes were broken into and occupants killed. In the poorer sections the streets were said to have been littered with dead. There were instances of beheadings and mutilation of bodies, and women were raped, the American said."
This section needs additional citations for . Please help
by . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2010) ()
By the end of March, Chen Yi had ordered the imprisonment or execution of the leading Taiwanese organizers he could identify. His troops reportedly executed, according to a Taiwanese delegation in , between 3,000 and 4,000 people throughout the island. The exact number is still undetermined, as only 300 Taiwanese families applied for another compensation as recently as 1990. Some of the killings were random, while others were systematic. Taiwanese elites were among those targeted, and many of the Taiwanese who had formed self-governing groups during the reign of the Japanese were also victims of the 228 Incident. A disproportionate number of the victims were Taiwanese high school students. Many had recently served in the , having volunteered to serve to maintain order. Mainland Chinese civilians who fled were often beaten by Taiwanese.
Some Taiwan political organizations participated in the uprising, for example , was announced "communist" and illegal. Many members were arrested and executed. Some of these organizations had to move to Hong Kong.
The initial 228 purge was followed by discovery of communist infiltrators from communist mainland China under one-party rule, in what was termed "," which lasted until the end of 1987. Thousands of people, including both mainland Chinese and Taiwanese, were imprisoned or executed for their dissent, leaving a small minority of Taiwanese among them with a deep-seated bitterness towards what they term the Nationalist regime and, by extension, all Chinese not born in Taiwan or anyone supporting the KMT or CCP. Disappearances were common, and the people feared being be captured and executed.[]
This section needs additional citations for . Please help
by . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2010) ()
Today, a memorial plaque marks the exact location where the first shot was fired
228 Memorial Day, 2008 in
228 Memorial Park in
addresses the families of the victims during the 228 Incident
Former Vice President , once a political prisoner, gave a speech at the 228 Memorial
For several decades, it was taboo to openly criticize the 228 Massacre Incident. The government hoped that the execution of Governor Chen Yi and financial compensation for the victims had quelled resentment. In the 1970s the 228 Justice and Peace Movement was initiated by several citizens' groups to ask for a reversal of this policy, and, in 1992, the
promulgated the "February 28 Incident Research Report." Then-President and KMT-chairman , who had participated in the incident and was arrested as an instigator and a Communist sympathizer made a formal apology on behalf of the government in 1995 and declared February 28 a day to commemorate the victims. Among other memorials erected, Taipei New Park was renamed .
Since the lifting of martial law in 1987, the government has set up the 228 Incident Memorial Foundation, a civilian reparations fund supported by public donations for the victims and their families. Many descendants of victims remain unaware that their family members were victims, while many of the families of victims from Mainland China did not know the details of their relatives' mistreatment during the riot.[] Those who have received compensation more than two times are still demanding a trial of the still-living soldiers who were responsible for death of their loved ones.
Prior to the 228 massacre, many Taiwanese hoped for a greater autonomy from China. The failure of conclusive dialogue with the ROC administration in early March, combined with the feelings of betrayal felt towards the government and China in general are widely believed to have catalyzed today's
movement and subsequently the
after democratization.
On 28 February 2004, thousands of Taiwanese participated in the . They formed a 500-kilometer (310 mi) long , from Taiwan's northernmost city to its southern tip, to commemorate the 228 Incident, to call for peace, and to protest the 's deployment of
aimed at Taiwan along the coast of Taiwan Strait.
In 2006, the Research Report on Responsibility for the 228 Massacre was released after several years of research. The 2006 report was not intended to overlap with the prior ( Massacre Research Report commissioned by the Executive Yuan. Chiang Kai-shek is specifically named as bearing the largest responsibility in the 2006 report. However, some academics have disputed these conclusions, stating the departing Japanese colonial government was responsible by creating food shortages and causing inflation.
A number of artists in Taiwan have addressed the subject of the 2-28 Incident since the taboo was lifted on the subject in the early 1990s. The Incident has been the subject of music by
and a number of literary works.
's , the first movie dealing with the events, won the
at the 1989 . The 2009 thriller
also relates the incident as part of the motivation behind
activist characters.
's novel The Third Son describes the event and its aftermath from the viewpoint of a Taiwanese boy. In her 2013 novel, The 228 Legacy, author Jennifer J. Chow brings to light the emotional ramifications for those who lived through the events yet suppressed their knowledge out of fear. It focuses on how there was such an impact that it permeated throughout multiple generations within the same family.
's novel, Green Island (2016) tells the story of the incident as it affects three generations of a Taiwanese family.
In 2017, Taiwanese game developer Red Candle Games launched , a survival horror video game created and developed for . It is a 2D atmospheric horror side-scroller set in 1960s Taiwan under martial law following the 228 incident. The game also incorporates religious elements based on Taiwanese culture and mythology. The game has received favourable reviews from critics. Rely On Horror gave the game a 9 out of 10, saying that "every facet of Detention moves in one harmonious lockstep towards an unavoidable tragedy, drowning out the world around you."
Taiwanese metal band 's album
also makes several lyrical references to the 228 massacre.
June 6, 2011, at the .
Ko, Shu- Chang, R Chao, Vincent Y. (March 1, 2011). . Taipei Times. p. 1 2014.
Chen, Ketty W. (February 28, 2013). . Taipei Times. p. 12 2014.
. Chapter XII: International Trusteeship System. United Nations. June 26, 1945.
from the original on 28 August .
. 檔案與史學. .
. Reflection on the 228 Event—The first gunshot. 2003. Archived from
on 6 March 2006.
. Time Magazine. . (Subscription required)
. National Tamkang University. 11 January 2010.
, 民報社 (in Chinese), Taiwan Ministry of Culture:National Repository of Cultural Heritage, , archived from
. Reflection on the 228 Event—The first gunshot. 2003. Archived from
on 6 March 2006.
Durdin, Peggy (May 24, 1947). . .
from the original on 24 April 2006.
Smith, Craig A (2008). . Past Imperfect. University of Alberta. 14: 143–163.   2014.
Durdin, Tillman (). . New York Times. Archived from
on 15 February 2006.
, 東北日報 (in Chinese), 東北日報社,
. The China Post. Taipei. February 29, .
*Wang, Xiaobo (February 2004). Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League and the February 28 Incident. Taipei: Straits Academic Press.
Kristof, Nicholas D. (April 3, 1992). . The New York Times 2014.
Mo, Yan-chih (February 28, 2006). . Taipei Times. p. 4 2014.
Chen, Yi-shen (February 2005). . 228.org.tw. The 228 Memorial Foundation 2014.
Shih, Hsiu-chuan (February 28, 2007). . Taipei Times. p. 1 2014.
. 21 October
– via IMDb.
Winterton, Bradley (May 7, 2014). . Taipei Times. p. 12 2014.
Bloom, Dan (Aug 19, 2013). . Taipei Times. p. 3 2014.
(April 21, 1947). Memorandum on the Situation in Taiwan (Report). American Embassy, Nanking, China. Telegram No. 689. reprinted in . Far Eastern Series. Compiled by . Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Off. August 1949. pp. 923–938.   2014.
Kerr, George H. (1965). . Boston: Houghton Mifflin.  .
Lai, Tse- Myers, Ramon H Wei, Wou (1991). A Tragic Beginning: The Taiwan Uprising of February 28, 1947. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press.  .
Shackleton, Allan J. (1998) [1948]. . Upland, California: Taiwan Publishing Company.   2014.
Wakabayashi, Masahiro (2003). "4: Overcoming the Difficult P Rectification of the 2-28 Incident and the Politics of Reconciliation in Taiwan". In Funabashi, Yōichi. Reconciliation in the Asia-Pacific. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press. pp. 91–109.  .  .
Wikimedia Commons has media related to .
. culture.tw. Taiwan Ministry of Culture. Archived from
Hong, Keelung (February 28, 2003).
(Speech). Berkeley, California 2014.
. 2001. Archived from
on June 25, .
. Taiwan Human Rights InfoNet. 2003. Archived from
on September 27, .
[228 Incident Memorial Foundation]. . (in Chinese)
Chu, Bevin (February 25, 2000). . The Strait Scoop 2014.
. Taiwan Government Information Office. Archived from
on August 1, .
[Editorial: 228 was not internal repression, but an international war crime instead]. Liberty Times. Taipei. February 28, 2007. Archived from
2014. (in Chinese)
. Taipei Times. February 28, 2007. p. 8 2014.
: Hidden categories:}