> 【答案带解析】第一节翻译语篇阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。 Sometimes y...
第一节翻译语篇阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。Sometimes you feel busy and worried. 1.你可能有许多事情要做，时间却不够。You may wonder, “ Where does time go?” Here are some ideas to help you make use of it and find more free time to enjoy your life.Plan ahead of time. 2.It’ s necessary for you to make a plan at the beginning of a week or a day. Think of what you really need and don’t need to do. Spare（匀出）some time to have a short rest and look back on what you’ve done. You may have a sense of success.Say no to yourself. If you are not excited about attending（出席）a social activity, then don’t go. 3.呆在家里休息。If you plan to go to a supermarket but it is raining heavily, why not stay inside? It’s fine to change your mind and do your shopping another day.Change your pace（节奏). If you usually go shopping on Saturday, choose a weekday night to go instead. 4.The stores are less crowded on Wednesday evening than Saturday afternoon. You can feel better if you regard your way home as taking a relaxing walk after supper.Focus on（关注）simple pleasures. 5.When your day’s work is done, it’s time to get yourself relaxed. A pleasant bath, a cup of coffee or a gentle song can be enough. Although expensive relaxation is nice, when you focus on simple pleasures, you’ll get more.  
1.You may have many things to do, but time is not enough.
2.对你来说，在一周或一天的开始制定计划是很有必要的.
3.Stay at home for a rest.
4.商场在星期三的晚上没有星期六的下午那么拥挤。
5.当你一天完成了一天的工作时，是时候让你自己放松一下了。
试题分析：本文叙述...
考点分析：
考点1：阅读表达
&阅读表达是阅读理解题的一部分,它是近年来出现的新题型,它要求学生在阅读文章后对文章中的某些内容或整篇文章做出概括,是一种读写结合题,所以大家在做这类题时首先要弄清完成的是什么任务,然后有的放矢地去阅读,最后进行归纳与总结. 一般任务型阅读的题型多为细节题,好的方法是先看问题,然后带着问题读文,把细节画出来,还有一种题型是归纳题,它又分两类.一类是段落性的,一类是概括中心内容(全文性)这种较难,不过是有方法的.都是要通读全文,至少3遍. &
任务型阅读理解题型的特征和一般解题方法 ： &
& &第一步：认真阅读试题背景，了解阅读材料的背景、话题或主题，确保解题时不脱离阅读的主题和正确思维的主线索。
& &第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为第三步的的顺利解题创造良好的和必要的条件。 & & &第三：对照题目的要求，从A、B、C、D、E和F六个备选项中选出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，我们只要顺着关键词的线索就能轻松找到正确的答案。例如，有一篇有关体育题材的任务型阅读理解的题目要求中涉及到姚明的NBA生涯，考生只要在备选项中找到”姚明”这个关键词,不用阅读整个题目和备选项就能轻松找到正确的答案。但是，在大多数情况下，还要从提出的若干备选项选择符合条件中的内容。同学们需要根据具体的情况灵活地选择解踢方式，跳读、扫读还是细读。在此，特别提醒各位同学：选项中肯定有一项是多余选项。 &第四步：快速对照“要求”和“条件”这一主要线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率，增强应试的信心。
& 阅读表达题步骤和技巧 &
& &1.认真审题，读懂题意。由于题目要求形式多样，在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务，因此解题前要先明确任务，做到心中有数。 & &2.快速阅读，掌握大意。在做题时要快速扫视一下文章的大意，然后结合前面的题目的要求，大致明白所要完成的任务。
& &3.细读题目，完成任务。在明白题意和文章意思的基础上，仔细阅读后面的题目要求，在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息部分，这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信息，确保答题的准确性。如果是根据英文释义写单词的题，则一定要确保所填的单词来源于原文，切不可脱离原文，随意发挥。
& &4.复读文章，核实任务。在初步完成所要求的任务以后，学生必须再仔细阅读所提供的短文，结合题意、文章和文后提供的任务信息、认真核实任务以保证答题正确。 &&
& &5．注意读写结合。任务型阅读不仅考查学生阅读理解层面的能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。若是写单词，则要注意拼写正确，词形、词性有无变化，是否需要大写；若所要完成的是短语或句子成分，则需谨慎对待，依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需用什么样的表达方式，不可简单草率地将文中信息直接挪用。
& &总之，阅读理解不同于传统的阅读理解，它介于阅读理解与写作之间，教师应该适应新课改的要求，掌握阅读理解的特点，加强学生阅读能力的培养。
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题号：611244试题类型：完形填空 知识点：听力,语音,直接引语与间接引语,派生法&&更新日期：
在下列每组单词中,有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同。找出这个词,并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括号里。(&&&)1. A. childhood&&&&&&&&&&&&B. chemist &&&&&&&&&&C. church&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. chest (&&&)2. A. deer&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B. hear&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&C. near&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. bear(&&&)3. A. excellent &&&&&&&&&&&&B. excuse&&&&&&&&&&&&&&C. explain&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. express(&&&)4. A. museum&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B. popular&&&&&&&&&&&&C. dustbin&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. valuable(&&&)5. A. coast&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&B. float&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&C. soap&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&D. broad
难易度：容易
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听力题解题技巧：&&&&&
1、听前预测：（1）听前集中精力，全身放松，保持最佳的准备状态。（2）认真阅读各个大题说明，以明确测试的内容、播读次数及答题方式。（3）迅速阅读试卷上的文字信息，这些信息与录音材料有着密切的联系，可以提供录音所涉及的中心、时间、地点等。带着这些问题，积极主动地预测，可使自己处于主动地位，做到心中有数。 2、听中要诀：（1）高度重视听好开头的句子或段落，这往往是谈话的中心。（2）要注意整听。听的过程中，遇到个别词没听清（有可能是由于朗读技巧，如连读，弱读等造成的），这很正常，千万不要死死抓住不放，结果因小失大。要知道，几秒钟会读出几十个词语，而声音一旦消失，做题时肯定毫无依根据。正确的做法是毫不迟疑地跳过去，接着往下听，等录音放完后再凭记忆或依据上下文猜测。（3）要留意重音。连贯的句子中，信息词（名词、动词、形容词等）在读的时候往往重读，精力放在这些词上便于把握重点。其实，想把每个词都听清楚是不可能的，也没必要。如下面对话时，只要听清加“′”的词即可。 M：′Where are the boys? W：The boys went to the′concert. M：Went to′what? W：A′concert—they went to a′concert.&（4）适当记些笔记。一边听录音，一边随手记些笔记，特别是其中的数字，如日期、时间、年龄、距离或地点，最好记下来，增大回答问题的准确性。但要注意原则，笔记不能影响听音的继续，也不能繁琐凌乱。可用代号、图形或自己明了的其他方式进行记录，脑笔结合记忆。 3、听后补救：如果某一题没有听懂原文，无法判断正确答案，一不要着急慌张，而不要放弃不答。要根据大脑当时对该部分的声音印象，结合全文，结合题目文字材料，大胆猜测。例如你当时好像听到含有[ɑī]的某个词，这时你就可以想想my，high，fly，sight，five等词的词义，词类是否符合原文语境。总之，三选一意味着你随便猜，也有33%的机率，岂能轻易放过？
听力题注意事项：
1、集中精力，放松精神。学生在参加听力测试时要充满信心，稳定情绪，沉着应对，切勿情绪不稳，心神不定，因为它不同于笔试答卷。 2、超前阅读，去同存异。利用答题前的时间和放录音时各小题短暂停顿，可快速浏览所提供选项，注意它们之间的不同之处。 3、静心倾听，快速选择。学生在阅读选项时一听见播放下一题听力材料，须停止阅读，静心倾听录音，立刻进行选择。如果一时选不出，可以根据录音的大概意思，合理推测，注意千万不要为了一个难题而耽误后面的试题。 4、记录要点，有备无患。听对话和短文时最好边听边记，用自己平时最熟悉的标记与符号，简单记录一下重要的信息。这样做有助于听力材料播放完毕后逐个小题的去解答，而且有助于回顾形式完整的对话或短文梗概，以备核对复查。
元音与辅音：（1）元音发音时气流通过口腔时不受受任何阻碍，元音按发音时的嘴唇形状和舌头位置是否改变而分为单元音和双元音。（2）辅音根据声带是否震动分为清辅音和浊辅音。
重读音节和重读闭音节：（1）重读音节指在双音节或多音节词中有一个发音特别响亮的音节，叫重读音节，用重音符号“`”标于相应位置，其他音节为非重读音节，如begin |be'gin|，单音节词作重读处理，但不标重音符号。（2）重读闭音节就是所谓的元音字母不是发它本身的字母音，重读闭音节就是指在一个音节中，以辅音因素结尾的而且是重读音节的音节比如apple划音节就因该是ap/ple前面那个ap是一个音节以辅音因素p结尾就是闭音节。
划分音节的方法：
1、元音是构成音节的主体，辅音是音节的分界线。两辅音之间不管有多少个元音，一般都是一个音节。例如：bed 床，bet 打赌，seat 坐位，beat 毒打，beaut 极好的 beau'ty 美。2、两元音字母之间有一个辅音字母时，辅音字母归后一音节。例如：stu'dent 学生，la'bour 劳动。3、有两个辅音字母时，一个辅音字母归前一音节，一个归后一音节。例如：let'ter信，win'ter冬天。4、不能拆分的字母组合按字母组合划分音节。例如：fa'ther父亲，tea'cher 教师。5、音节按读音可以分为开音节和闭音节，开音节又可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节。&&&& (1)绝对开音节：是指一个元音字母后面没有辅音字母而构成的音节。&&&&&&&& 例如：we, hi, yo-yo&&&& &&&& (2)相对开音节：是指一个元音字母后面有一个辅音字母(除r)之外，最后是一个不发音的e构成的音节。&&&&&&&& 例如：take, make在开音节中，这个元音字母发“字母”本身音。&&&&&&& 例如：hi |hai|, use |ju:z|&&&& (3)闭音节：指元音字母后面有辅音字母(辅音字母r除外)构成的音节。&&&&&&&& 例如：leg, cross
&48个国际音标表：
直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，并在原话前后加引号。 　　　　&&& 例：He said:" It is too late."&间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，多数以宾语从句的形式构成。 　　　　&&& 例：He said it was too late.
直接引语与间接引语的转换：
一、人称代词的变化：&直接引语变间接引语时，人称代词的变化一般规律是：&&&&&&& 第一人称→第三人称；&&&&&&& 第二人称→第一人称；&&&&&&& 第三人称→第三人称。&&&&&&& 简记为“二一、一三、三留”。&例："I'm thinking of changing my address." he said.&& → He said that he was thinking of changing his address.（I和he指同一个人）&&&&&&&&&&Xiao Ming asked me, "Are you going to the park with us?"&&→ Xiao Ming asked me if I was&going to the park with them.（us与them指相同的人，XiaoMing是其中的一员；me和you指同一个人）&&&&&&&Mr. Li said, "She will attend the meeting."& → Mr. Li saidthatshewouldattendthemeeting.（Mr. Li和she不是同一个人） 但当说话者是第一人称，直接引语中的主语也是第一人称时，不作变化。&&&&&&&&I said to my children, "I will give you some presents on Christmas Day."&&→ I told my children I would give them some presents on Christmas Day. （I为同一说话者）二、时态的变化：直接引语变间接引语时，时态的变化规律是往“过去”相应的时态推移：&&&&&&& 一般现在时→一般过去时，&&&&&&& 一般将来时→过去将来时，&&&&&&& 现在进行时→过去进行时，&&&&&&& 现在完成时→过去完成时，&&&&&&& 一般过去时/过去完成时→过去完成时。 如：My father told me, "He will come back next week."&& → My father told me that he would come back the next week. &&&&&&& She asked me, "Did you finish your homework?"&& → She asked me if I had finished my homework. 注意：直接引语属下列情况时，时态不作变化： 1、直接引语属真理或客观事实时： 如：The teacher said to us, "Light runs much faster than sound."&& → The teacher told us light runs much faster than sound. 2、主句谓语动词是现在或将来某个时态：如：The old man often says, "I joined the Red Army when I was young."&&&→ The old man often says that he joined the Red Army when he was young. 3、直接引语带有具体的过去时间状语时： 如：The politics teacher said to us, "The party was founded in 1921."&& → The politics teacher told us that the party was founded in 1921. 4、直接引语谓语有情态动词：had better，would rather及need，must，oughtto等时：如：He said to me, "I would rather live in the countryside."&& → He told me that he would rather live in the countryside. 5、直接引语为虚拟语气谓语时 e.g.Shesaid,"IwouldbehappyifIwereabird."→ Shesaidthatshewouldbehappyifshewereabird. 三、句型的变化： 直接引语变间接引语时，句型要作适当变化：1、变陈述句为由that引导的从句（that常省略）： 如："I want to improve my English at school," said the child.&& → The child said(that) he wanted to improve his English at school.2、变一般疑问句为由if/whether引导的从句： 如："Are you sure he will come today?"Jenny asked Helen.&& → Jenny asked Helen if/whether she was sure he would come that day. 3、变选择疑问句为由whether...or.../whether...or not引导的从句： 如："Is he a director or an actor?" she asked me.&& → She asked me whether he was a director or an actor. 4、变反意问句时，要视说话者的语气而定： （1）表示疑问时，先需去掉后面的反意问句部分，再按一般疑问句变化。 如："You haven't finished your composition, have you?" the teacher said to me.&& → The teacher asked me if I had finished my composition. （2）表示提醒或警告等特别语气时，先按陈述句变化，再把间接引语前的动词更换为表示相应语气的动词remind，warn等。 如："You're late for class, aren't you?" the teacher said angrily to me.&& → The teacher warned me that I was late for class. 5、变特殊疑问词开头的问句为原特殊疑问词引导的从句： 如："When did you come here?" Tom asked Jim.&& → Tom asked Jim when he had gone there. 6、变祈使句为不定式短语，作动词ask，tell，order，beg，request，advise，offer，warn等的宾语补足语，宾语为说话者的对象，选什么动词，视情况而定： 如：The doctor said to the patient, "Don't eat oily food again."&& → The doctor advised the patient not to eat oily food again.7、变感叹句为how或what引出的从句，也可用that引出从句： 如："How clever a boy he is." the teacher said to the mother.&& → The teacher told the mother how clever a boy he was. 或：The teacher told the mother that he was clever boy. 8、直接引语是多个句子时，按其句型特点，用上面的方法分别处理，并用and连接： 如：Mrs. Smith said, "I don't know the way to the station. How can I get there?"&& → Mrs. Smith said that she didn't know the way to the station and asked me how she could get there. 9、若直接引语是What's the matter?/What has happened?/What's wrong with...? 时，变成间接引语语序不变：如："What's the matter?" said he.&& → He asked me what was the matter.
直接引语变间接引语词语转化对比：
注意：如果在当时转述别人话，不必要改变时间状语；在原地转述别人的话，也不必改变地点状语，同样，come也不一定要改为go。如：John said just now, "I came here yesterday."&&& →John said just now that he came here yesterday.
派生法的概念：
英语构词法中在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀，从而构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词的方法叫作派生法。
派生词的构成：
1、前缀：　　除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。　　(1)表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-,un-等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。例如：appear出现→disappear消失　　&&&&&&&&&&& correct正确的→incorrect不正确的　　&&&&&&&&&&& lead带领→mislead领错　　&&&&&&&&&&& stop停下→non-stop不停　　(2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有a-(多构成表语形容词), anti-(反对；抵抗), auto-(自动), co-(共同), en-(使),& inter-(互相), re-(再；又), sub-(下面的；次；小), tele-(强调距离)等。例如：alone 单独的&&&&&&&&&&& antigas 防毒气的　　&&&&&&&&&&&&autochart 自动图表　　&&&&&&&&&&& cooperate 合作&&&&&&&&&&& enjoy 使高兴　　&&&&&&&&&&& internet 互联网&&&&&&&&&&&&reuse 再用　　&&&&&&&&&&& subway 地铁&&&&&&&&&&& telephone 电话　　2、后缀：　　英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词，也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。　(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence，-(e)r/-or(从事某事的人), -ese(某地人)，-ess(雌性)，-ful(一……)，-ian(精通……的人)，-ist(专业人员)，-ment(性质；状态)，-ness(性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等。例如：differ不同于→difference区别　　&&&&&&&&&&&& write写→writer作家　　&&&&&&&&&&&& Japan日本→Japanese日本人　　&&&&&&&&&&&&&act表演→actress女演员　　&&&&&&&&&&&& mouth口→mouthful一口　　&&&&&&&&&&&&&music音乐→musician音乐家　　(2)构成动词的后缀常用的有-(e)n(多用于形容词之后)，-fy(使……化)，-ize(使……成为)。例如：wide→widen加宽　　&&&&&&&&&&& beauty→beautify美化　　&&&&&&&&&&& pure→purify提纯　　&&&&&&&&&&& real→realize意识到　　&&&&&&&&&& organ→organize组织　　(3)构成形容词的后缀常用的有-al，-able(有能力的)，-(a)n(某国人的)，-en(多用于表示材料的名词后)，-ern(方向的)，-ese(某国人的)，-ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less(表示否定)，-like(像……的)，-ly，-ous，-some，-y(表示天气)等。例如：nature自然→natural自然的　　&&&&&&&&&&& reason道理→reasonable有道理的　　&&&&&&&&&&&&America美国→American美国的　　&&&&&&&&&&& China中国→Chinese中国人的　　&&&&&&&&&&& gold金子→golden金的　　&&&&&&&&&&& east东→eastern东方的　　&&&&&&&&&&&&child孩子→childish孩子气的　　&&&&&&&&&&& snow雪→snowy雪的　　(4)构成副词的常用后缀有-ly(主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s)(主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向)。例如：angry生气的→angrily生气地　　&&&&&&&&&&&&to到→towards朝……，向…… 　　&&&&&&&&&&& east东方→eastward向东　　(5)构成数词的后缀有-teen(十几)，-ty(几十)，-th(构成序数词)。例如：six六→sixteen十六→sixteenth第十六　　&&&&&&&&&&& four四→forty四十→fortieth第四十
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