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It’s Friday A、What day is it B、What’s the date ….DOC
官方公共微信Time in Paris
Current local time in Paris
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for your tripThe Times of Our Lives: Investigations into Socio-chronology
Time is the element in which we exist. ... We are either borne
along by it or drowned in it.
--Joyce Carol Oates, &Marya&
Much can be made of Bob Dylan's &the times, they are a changin'.&
According to William Irwin Thompson, we're now AT THE EDGE OF
HISTORY, buffeted about by John Naisbitt's MEGATRENDS, and with
millions suffering from Alvin Toffler's FUTURE SHOCK. In the lifetime of
one born in 1976, America's bicentennial year, the population of the world
has increased by over one and one-half billion individuals, hundreds of
thousands have died in the name of nationalism or religion, trillions of
dollars have been spent perfecting doomsday weaponry, and the revolutions
in minority, gender, and old age relations have shaken the traditional
foundations of social life. To make matters even more interesting, we are
told that the pace of such change is accelerating. And with people living
ever longer, the historical changes that used to be absorbed by several
generations now must be coped within a single lifetime. Largely forgotten
are the principles and values on which society's oldest members based their
With the accelerating push forward generated by technological and
scientific innovations, the future is supposedly coming closer. However,
as a society, we seem unable to conceive of great enterprises--like the medieval
construction of the great cathedrals of Europe--that can link generations together into a common
project spanning several centuries. Simultaneously, the past--the
wake in the water produced by the bow of the future and the hull of the
present--is growing longer, thanks to technology replacing personal memories:
on celluloid for instance, we can see and hear George Bernard Shaw--a man
born a decade before the outbreak of the American Civil War--talk to us
about first hand experiences with the Victorian sexual mores. Ironically,
the extent of our
is considerable,
and by all accounts growing.
This page is devoted to the study of time and the various
timetables and rhythms that shape our behaviors and thoughts. Here
we will consider such issues as:
the different meanings we give to each day of the
week and .
the &quality time& that working parents worry about sharing
enough of with their children.
the pressure we feel to be &on time& in the face of dreaded
deadlines.
the various social clocks whose tickings seem to govern our lives,
such as the ages at which we believe we should be married, have children,
or be &peaking& in our careers.
our cultural fears of growing old and the meanings we give to the
various stages of the life cycle.
the emergence of &flexitime& and four-day weeks in the
world of work.
the types of time that religions impose to fortify the moralities
of their members, such as eternity in heavens or hells, purgatory time,
or escaping the cycle of death and rebirth.
our sense of connection with generations long dead and those yet
to be born, including such topics as time capsules, intergenerational contracts
and legacies, ancestral worship, and futuristic themes in amusement parks
and cinema.& (See Danny Hillis and Stewart Brand's attempts to get us to
think in the long-term with their .)
history, too, will be fair game--at least our interpretations of
it. The past, after all, has passed, and its placement into the present
is a social phenomenon that serves various social interests. Also of sociological
relevance are individuals' perspectives of social change, for instance,
whether they believe their countrymen to be happier or better off than
they were twenty years earlier.
Time is the container of our social activities, especially in our
where we have specific times
for doing specific things (as opposed to more polychronic cultures, where
many different things are done simultaneously). These time-specific activities
flavor the meanings we associate with the various times of the day, week,
and year. On the other hand, these time containers have a way of flavoring
their activities as well. An evening college class, for instance, has an
entirely different feeling than its daytime counterpart by virtue of the
meanings and activities associated with night hours.
Even though these times of our lives seem to be as &natural&
as as any physical object in our social universe, the fact is that most
are totally man-made notions. Why do we have 60 seconds in a minute and
60 minutes in an hour? Because the Babylonians had a counting system with
a base of 60. Had the British had invented time with their base-10 system,
we Americans undoubtedly would have hours made up of 100 minutes and minutes
divided into 100 seconds. For that breed of social scientists known as
temporal determinists, the big story is how the natural rhythms historically
shaping these social times are being replaced by artificial tempos. And
just as the meaning of a funeral dirge is altered when put to a calypso
beat, so these new tempos have fundamentally altered the entire socio-cultural
order. As a result, many people now find themselves feeling somehow &out
of sync&: out of sync with their bodies (i.e., &jet lag&),
with their families and friends (i.e., the senses of not having enough
time and time conflicts), and with the broader society (i.e., suffering
&future shock&).
Perhaps of all our taken-for-granted reifications that reveal &false
consciousness,& time is the most ubiquitous and &real.&
Given our preoccupations with time, perhaps our species is better labeled chronos sapiens.
From the National Museum of American History comes a rich resource, , that &explores the changing ways we have measured, used, and
thought about time over the past three hundred years.&& Here history
is cast in terms of the following temporal epochs:
and 1960-now expanding time.& New in 2002 is an interdisciplinary journal
for the study of time: .
WHAT TIME IS IT? RESOURCES FOR
HOROLOGISTS & STUDENTS OF TIME
www.time.gov,& says it all.& Site includes current light and dark
regions on planet, links to world time resources, and even software to
synchronize your computer clock to world time.
, which offers a&
A super site from Red Hills Studios and the Science Museum of Minnesota:
--here time slow
watch people age and the seasons pass
Many fine resources from the
including the
"A guide to time zones, calendars and more&
VIBE's World Map
TIME TO GET A LITTLE CRAZY
You have undoubtedly heard the poem ascribing personality characteristics
given the day one was born: &Monday's child is full of grace, ...&
To what extent does the crisis of leadership in the United States owe to
the birth days of recent Presidents? Click below to find out:
Any ideas or Web leads or topic requests
that you have about the times of our lives will be most
appreciated.
Return to Index of A Sociological Tour Through
CyberspaceTime in London
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for your trip}