什么情况下宾语从句的连接词中的连接词只能用if

引导名词性从句的连接词_百度文库
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引导名词性从句的连接词
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你可能喜欢英语定语从句和宾语从句是什么意思?还有什么从句?
英语定语从句和宾语从句是什么意思?还有什么从句?
08-12-29 &
名词性从句 一、定义:在复合句中相当于一个名词,做主语、宾语、表语、同位语的从句。 二、引导词:1. 连词:that , if, whether, as if 2. 连接代词:who , what, which, whose, whom以及wh+ever 3. 连接副词:when, where, why, because, how 三、引导词的作用:1 连词只有连接的功能,而不在从句中充当句子成分。 2. 连接代词和连接副词不但有连接的功能,同时还要在从句中充当 定的句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语 四、各个句型的注意点 (一) 主语从句 1.一个主语从句的谓语动词用单数。 2.通常为了句子平衡用it做形式主语,而将主语从句放于句尾。3.由that引导的从句,that虽然没有什么意思,但是却不能省略。 4.WH引导的从句,引导词放于句首,从句用陈述句语序。5.放于句首时表示是否只用whether, 用IT做形式主语之后,主语从句放于句尾时whether与if均可以。 (二)宾语从句 1.that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。但下列情况除外: (1)介词宾语从句的that不省略 (2) and连接的几个从句,第二个从句以后的从句的that不省略。 He told me that he had two sons and that they both had gone to college. (3)在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中,that不省略。 I heard it said that he had gone abroad We found it impossible that he could finish it in such a short time 2.Whether ,if 引导宾语从句:两词可互换,但是下列情形除外: (1)whether从句中有or not (2)whether从句做介词宾语 Everything depends on whether you agree with us 3.许多带复合宾语的句子,宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it做形式宾语。结构常是: 主语+动词+it+形容词/名词等宾语补足语+宾语从句 We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone 4.宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序 (三)表语从句 1.表示是否时,表语从句的引导词只用whether2.that引起表语从句时,通常不省略。但是在口语中也可以省略或用“,”代替that 1、that引起同位语从句的连词虽然在从句中无意义,但是不可以省略。2、引起同位语从句表示是否时,只用whether。3、定语从句的先行词(名词或代词)在定语从句中可以充当一定的句子成分,而同位语从句所补充说明的名词或代词在同位语从句中没有任何语法成分。 1.He told me the news that our team won. 2.He told me the news that was very exciting. 3.We are interested in the news that some foreigners will visit our school. 4.We are interested in the news that he told us. 5.He didn’t give the answer why he was late. 6.He didn’t tell the reason why he was late 状语从句? 1、时间状语从句 (1)as、when、while用法一览表。 类别 作 用 例 句 as as表示“当……的时候”,往往和when/ while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。 She came up as I was cooking.(同时) The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时) when (at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。 It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点) When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内) while while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时,两者可以互换。 Please don’t talk so loud while others are working. He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可,这里的while意思是“趁……”) (2)引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有: ①till, not … until …, until, before, since Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. He waited for his father until(till)it was twelve o’clock. It will be five years before he returns from England. ②hardly / scarcely … when, no sooner … than, as soon as once 表示“一……就” As soon as I have finished it , I’ll give yu a call. Once you show any fear, he will attack you. We had hardly got / Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain. No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining. ③directly, immediately, the moment, the minute that… 一……就 He made for the door directly he heard the knock. ④each time, every time, by the time Each time he came to my city, he would call on me. 注意:表示未来情况,主句用将来时,从句用现在时。 2、让步状语从句 (1)although与though可以引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用,但可以与yet连用。 Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted. (2)even if或even though引导让步状语从句,表示“即使”,“纵然”,用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。 I’ll get there even if(though)I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air. (3)no matter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问词,也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。 Don’t trust him, no matter what / whatever he says. Whoever breaks the law will be published. No matter how hard the work is, you’d better try to do it well. (4)as也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。 Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot. Much as I like it, I won’t buy. Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box. 3、原因状语从句:because, for, as, since, now that (1)表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道,因此because从句是全句最重要的部分,通常它被置于主句之后。 You want to know why I’m leaving? I’m leaving because I’m full. for虽然表示不知道的原因,但其语气较because要弱得多,是可说可不说的话,它只能置于主句之后,这时,for是并列连词。如果不是因果关系,而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时,只能用for。如:It’s morning now, for the birds are singing.(很显然,鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。) (2)表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显,或已为听话人所熟悉,因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些,它们通常被置于语句之前,但有时却相反。 Seeing all of the children already seated, he said,“Since everyone is here, let’s start.” (3)下列情况下只能使用because: ①在回答why的问句时; ②在用于强调句型时; ③被not所否定时。 4、地点状语从句:where, wherever Make a mark wherever you have any questions. We will go where the Party directs us. 5、目的状语从句:that, so that, in order that 注意:目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用,否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。 6、结果状语从句:that, so that, so … that, such … that … 注意:so + 形容词/副词 + that从句;such + 名词 + that从句。 7、方式状语从句:as, as if(though) I’ll do as I am told to. It looks as if it is going to rain. 8、比较状语从句:than, as 9、条件状语从句:if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that. 注意if与unless的区别:不能用and连接两个unless从句,即不能有… unless …,and unless … 。但if … not and if … not却不受此限。 You won’t lose your weight unless you eat less and unless you exercise more.(×) 但可以说 … unless you eat less and exercise more. 10、注意状语从句中从句的省略现象 (1)连接词 + 过去分词 Don’t speak until spoken to. Pressure can be incrased when needed. Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use. (2)连词 + 现在分词 Look out while crossing the street. (3)连词 + 形容词/其他 常见的有it necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等。 定语从句的用法 (一) 定语从句的作用 作用 在句子中作定语,修饰句子中的某一名词或代词,从句须放在先行词之后。 关联词 关联词用于引导一个定语从句,代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分。 (二) 关系代词的作用 作用 例 句 1.作主语 1. The student who is talking with the monitor is Lucy.(指人作主语) 2. A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.(指物作主语) 2.作表语 3.She is no longer the girl that she used to be.(指人作表语) 3.作宾语 4The student whom (who)you want to see has come already.(指人作宾语) 5.The letter which I received yesterday was from a friend of mine.(指物作宾语) 4.作定语 6.The girl whose mother is a teacher studies very hard.(指人作定语) (三) 须用that引导的定语从句 情 况 例 句 nothing,everything,anything,much, all,little等不定代词作先行词时,常用that引导从句.something两者均可。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 2.指物的先行词前被序数词修饰时。 The first thing that we should do is to help him. 3.指物的先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best foreign film that I have ever seen. 4.指物的先行词前被the very, the only, the same修饰时。 That’s the very tool that we are looking for. 5.先行词既指人又指物时。 They talked about the things and friends that they could remember. 6.主句是由Who/Which引导的特殊疑问句时。 Who is the man that is standing over there? Which is the tool that you are looking for? (四).不可由that引导的定语从句 1.在非限制性定语从句中。 Mr Smith ,who lives in Chicago, is a doctor . 2.关系代词在从句中作前置介词的宾语时。 This is the room in which Mr Liu once lived . 3.由that作先行词时。 The bread which is made by my mother is better than that which is sold in food shops. 4.someone.somebody,nobody,anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody等指物的不定代词作先行词时。 Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. (五).非限制性定语从句的特点:1.不能用that引导定语从句。2.关系代词不能省略。 (六)关系副词的用法:关系副词代替先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当状语。 1. When指代表示时间的先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当时间状语。例如: October 1,1949 was the day when(=on which) the People’s Republic of China was founded. 2. Where指代先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当地点状语。例如: We will visit the house where(=in which)Lu Xun was born. 3. why代替先行词在定语从句中与相应的介词一起充当原因状语.例如: Who can tell me the reason why(=for which) Tom was absent today?
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作定语修饰用的句子称为定语从句 状语从句,表语从句
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1.定语从句在句子中是定语(修饰语) the man (who is in a white coat )is my teacher ()中内容就是定语从句,修饰男人,“穿红外套的”那个男人 2.宾语从句就是做宾语(接在动词后面) i think (you are right) ()里是宾语从句,是think的宾语,但是本身还是个独立的句子,所以是宾语从句
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宾语从句的连接词
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你可能喜欢条件状语从句_百度百科
条件状语从句
概念定义由引导词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。在英文中,条件是指某一件事情实现之后(状语从句中的动作),其它事情(主句中的动作)才能发生,通常译作“假如”。(注意:在含有条件状语从句的复合句中,表示将来时态,主句是态,或,从句要用态,[原则](主将从现,将并非指将来时,还指表示将来含义的,跟着if后的那句话是从句。)
条件状语从句类型
语法引导条件状语从句最常用的是,由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如:
1) If you ask him,he will help you.如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。
条件状语从句
2) If you fail in the exam,you will let him down.如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的
if引导的条件状语从句既可以将从句放前面也可以将从句放后面
(如果天下雨,我们就不玩了)If it rains,we will stop playing.‘
转为We will stop playing if it rains.
另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设,从句多用一般过去时或。如:If I were
if引导的条件状语从句
you,I would invite him to the party.如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.如果没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿。
那么,除了if之外,是否还有其他连词也可以引导条件状语从句呢?回答是肯定的,不仅有,还有很多。这些词由于出现的频率较小,且用法较复杂一些,所以不如if为大家所熟知罢了。下面就这些词的用法以例句的形式进行一下简单总结。
1、unless conj.除非,若不,除非在……的时候
You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.如果你不早点动身,你就不能及时赶到那儿。
Unless it rains,the game will be played.除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。
2、on condition(that)...在……条件下,如果 on condition (that)...引导的是主句事件发生的前提条件或。
I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保密。
You can go swimming on condition (that) you don't go too far from the river bank.你只有在不远离河岸的条件下才可以下水游泳。
3、supposing conj.如果,假如 supposing引导的条件从句表示一种假设条件。
Supposing it rains,shall we continue the sports meeting?倘若下雨,我们的运动会还要继续举行吗?
Supposing anything should go wrong,what would you do then?假如出了什么问题,你准备怎么对付?
4、provided conj.假如,除非,以……为条件 provided (that) +从句表示一种假设条件。
He will sign the contract provided we offer more favorable terms.如果我们提出更优惠的条件,他就会在合同上签字。
He won't be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance.如果我们提前征求一下他的意见,他就不会在会上反对我们。
从上述例句可以看出if,unless,on condition (that),supposing,provided等词引导的条件状语从句,主从句条件关系分明,结构清晰。
但有些句子,虽没有含条件关系的连词,却也隐含着条件关系,这些句子常用一些词,如but for,without等引出一个结构来表示条件,条件应该是虚拟的,或与事实相反的假设。
如:but for若非,要不是
But for the rain,we should have a pleasant journey.要不是下雨,我们的旅行肯定会很愉快。
But for your help,we should not have finished in time.要不是你帮忙,我们肯定不能及时完成任务
经典语句:If it dosen't rain tomorrow,we will go to the zoo.
If you open the door,i will come in.
条件状语从句就是用以表示“在某种条件下,会……”常用if,in case,on condition等词来引导
连接词主要有 if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,provided,suppose,supposing 等..
主句用一般将来时,if或unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时。
【注:在条件状语从句中,绝大数情况下some要变为any。】
条件状语用法
unless = if...not.
e.g. Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tired,let's go out for a walk.
if 引导的有真实条件句和两种:
真实条件句
如:If it rains tomorrow,we won’t go on a park 非真实条件句是的一种,表示与事实相反,如:
If I were you,I would go with him.
so/as long as只要
由as (so) long as,in case引导。
So long as you’re happy,it doesn’t matter what you do.
只要你高兴,你做什么都没有关系。
You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.
只要你保持书的清洁,你就可以把我的书借去。
Take your umbrella in case it rains.
带着你的伞吧,以防下雨。
引导条件状语从句的有:if(如果),unless(除非;如果不),as long as(除非;只要),supposing(假设),on condition that(条件是),in case(如果)。
You can't learn English well unless you work hard.
除非你努力学习,否则你学不好英语。
You can use my bike on condition that you return it by Friday.
你可以使用我的自行车,条件是你星期五以前还。
1)学习条件状语从句应注意以下几点:
⑴条件状语从句中一般不使用将来时态,尽管主句使用将
来时态,而用一般现在时或。
I will come to see you if I have time.
我有时间,我就来看你。
If the rain stops,I shall go out for a walk.
如果雨停了,我就出去散步。
⑵注意条件状语从句在虚拟语气中的使用。
If I were to I should first of all get the experts to discuss the plan.
如果我真的想做这事,我首先会找专家们讨论我的计划。
⑶条件状语从句中的省略。
Come tomorrow if possible. 可能的话,明天来。
I will buy a DVD set if necessary.宾語从句連词that不能省略的几种情况
张道真先生的《实用英语语法》(第二次修订本,P.443)和Fowle:的((现代英语惯用法词典》(A Dictionary of MOdernEnglishu台age)对宾语从句连词that的省略的阐述,在大多数情况下是对的,但是于某些语言实例不适用。请看: ①·1 only entreat vou to believe,my favourite ehild,that 1 havemeant ro do right。(Ch。Diekens) ②You don代suppose,do you,that our friends here are inearnest.(B.shaw). ⑧Do you rcally think that to get me 15 a cause for gratitude?(J.Galsworthy)L一 ④After thatdo you think 1 eould marry you?Not if ...&
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引导宾语从句的连词t hat在一般情况卞都可以省略,尤其在口语中,例如: (1)He said that he would eome· (2)You tell her that you are going tostay until your rnother says that you ean90, 在带有that从句作宾语的复合结构中,其宾语从句的连词t hat有时亦可省去。例如: (3)We eonsider it true that work 15n0w In PtogreSS· 那么,宾语从句连词that在什么情况下可以省略,什么情况下不能省略呢?先请看张道真先生在《实用英语语法》(第二次修,订本)第443页中的一段论述:“宾语从句前的连词t hat在有些情况下可以不用。例如在believe,suppose,presume等动词后连词that常不用;在say,see,know·hear·pro-pose,understan...&
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权威出处:
英语中能省略引导词的从句常有宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句和固定句型等几种:一、引导宾语从句的连词that的省略情况:当及物动词和一些形容词后只跟一个简单的宾语从句,且从句中主语、表语、宾语等成分都不缺,整个从句也不存在任何疑义时,从句只能用that引导,此种情况下经常省引导词that。例如:(1)I want toknow(that)the news is true.我想知道那消息是真的。(2)The woman was veryglad(that)she could see herlost son again.那妇女很高兴又可见到自己已失踪的儿子。二、定语从句省略引导词的情况一般有以下两种:1.当先行词在定语从句中作宾语时,引导从句的关系代词that(指人或指物),whom(指人),which(指物)可以省略。例如:(1)I know the girl(whom/that)you talked with justnow.我认识...&
(本文共1页)
权威出处:
乒靡撇墉七各趣渔知)彝引导名词性环黝时的省路与保留。连接词that引导名词性从句时,有时可以省略,有时不能省略,有时两者兼可。注意以下几种情形: (1) that引导宾语从句时,在口语中常被省略。但是下列情况下that应保留:①当主从句之间有时间等状语或插人语时;②that引导两个或者两个以上的宾语从句时,第二个或第二个以上的宾语从句的that不宜省略;③如果宾语从句中含有if等引导的主从复合句时,that一般不能省略;④宾语从句提前时,that一般不能省略;⑤简略答语中的宾语从句,that不宜省略;⑥当it做形式宾语代替that引导的宾语从句时,that一般不宜省略。(2)引导主语从句的that位于句首时不能省略(但用it做形式主语,that从句后移,此时that可以省略); (3)引导表语从句的that一般不能省略; (4)引导同位语从句的that不能省略。[经典考例]①It has been proved_eating v...&
(本文共3页)
权威出处:
近年来,高考题对名词性从句的考查主要集中在以下几点:从属连词that和what的区别,whether和if的区别,名词性从句核定,该从句与其他从句的区别以及各种名词性从句的引导词之间的异同。今天笔者就名词性从句中宾语从句的从属连词that不能省略这一特殊情况加以总结,希望学生在今后的学习中注意。一般来说,从属连词that在宾语从句中只起连接作用,不在从句中做成分,没有实际意义,that在口语和非正式文体中可以省略,但是也有一些特殊情况:羹卿感握籍黝游藕瓣镶羚麟巍貉淤淤姗i彝瘾动瘾热翩翻渊黔卿曝翰期群藻麟蘸绷瓤粼潺麟脚淤霸橄歉娜箱糕黝耀He said(t hat) the exhibition was exeellentand that he wanted to visit it onee more.他说这次展览非常棒,他还想再看一次。He said(t hat) he had eaten nothing,andthat he w...&
(本文共2页)
权威出处:
在thal引导的宾语从句中,连词that只起引导功能,无具体意义,不担当{任何成分,因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而,在下列情况下却不能省略。兵一、从句的主语是that时,that不宜省略。如: 1 Hesaysthatthatisa,alking’shat.他说那是一个真的王冠。一二、若出现两个或两个以上的that宾语从句.且由并列连词连接时,只有。第一个连词that可以省去,其余须保留。如:】sh。,aid(that),h。wou一d。...&
(本文共1页)
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