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高级英语听力 lesson 12
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American reporter Nicholas Daniloff is in Frankfurt, West Germany, on his way home from Moscow after being detained for a month on
charges. President Reagan in Kansas City on a campaign swing announced Daniloff's release, denying that any trade had been agreed to in order to win his freedom. Asked by reporters if he blinked in staring down
leader Gorbachev over the Daniloff affair, the President said they blinked. The agreement to release Daniloff came after a three-hour meeting last night in New York between Secretary of State George Shultz and Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze. No details of the agreement have been released, and it is not known if Daniloff's freedom is the first step in a trade involving accused Soviet spy Gennadi Zakharov. When he arrived in Frankfurt, Daniloff thanked President Reagan, Secretary of State Shultz, and other US officials for &dotting all the i's and crossing the t's& that permitted him to be in Frankfurt tonight.
The House of Representatives is expected to vote soon to
President Reagan's veto of a bill
economic sanctions against South Africa. NPR's Cokie Roberts reports that the President has promised to expand economic sanctions on his own in hopes of getting Congress to sustain his veto. &Both houses of Congress passed the economic sanctions against South Africa by wide enough
to override a presidential veto. And it's expected the House will easily
the two-thirds vote necessary for override. So it's in the Senate the President is concentrating his efforts. Today President Reagan sent a long letter to majority leader Robert , restating his
to ' sanctions that harm the victims of apartheid.' The letter went on to outline an executive order the President plans to sign which would impose some but not all of the sanctions passed by Congress. For example, there'd be a ban on some new investments in South Africa, but not all and a ban on some imports from South Africa, but not as many as called for by Congress. The President hopes the executive order will win over the fourteen additional senators he needs to sustain his veto. The Chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee said today that Congress would simply come back next year with tougher sanctions if the veto is sustained. I'm Cokie Roberts at the Capitol.&
American reporter Nicholas Daniloff was freed today in Moscow. He flew into Frankfurt, West Germany this afternoon and
with reporters gathered at the airport.
&It's wonderful to be back in the West. I think it's obvious to everybody what has happened over this last month. I was arrested without an arrest warrant. A case was fabricated against me with a narrow political purpose of giving the Soviet Union some political
over the case of Gennadi Zakharov in New York. The KGB the KGB punished itself. I cannot tell you anything about any other arrangements. All I know is that I am free in the West, very grateful, delighted to see you.& Nicholas Daniloff.
When Daniloff left the Soviet Union today he had been detained there for thirty-one days, facing a possible trial on espionage charges. Daniloff left Moscow only hours after Secretary of State Shultz and Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze met last night in New York in the latest of four negotiating sessions concerning the fate of the American journalist. But so far no details have emerged about the arrangements that brought Daniloff his freedom. NPR's Mike Shuster has more from New York.
Reporters in Moscow who had been staking out the American Embassy there first got wind this morning that Daniloff might be released, after he left the Embassy in a car and flashed the &V for Victory& sign.
Daniloff was simply informed that he could leave, and his passport was returned to him. He was then taken to the airport along with his wife, and soon thereafter boarded a Lufthansa flight to Frankfurt, West Germany. The official American announcement of his release came from President Reagan mid-day today as he was campaigning in Kansas City, Missouri.
&I have something of a news announcement I would like to make, that in case you haven't heard it already, that at twelve o'clock, twelve o'clock Central time, a Lufthansa , left Moscow bound for Frankfurt West Germany, and on board are Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas Daniloff.&
So far though neither the White House nor the State Department has said anything about the specific agreements that ended the
on Daniloff. And lacking any fuller explanation from the government, many questions remain. First, what will happen to the Russian scientist Gennadi Zakharov whose arrest last month in New York for spying led to Daniloff's ? No date has been set for Zakharov's trial in Brooklyn, and a representative of the Justice Department in Brooklyn said today the US attorney there was waiting for instructions on the handling of Zakharov's case. There have been suggestions that Zakharov might be returned to the Soviet Union at a later date in exchange for one or more jailed Soviet dissidents. There is also the question of the American decision to expel twenty-five Soviet personnel from their United Nations Mission here. Several have already left New York and the deadline for the expulsion of the rest is Wednesday. The
have threatened to
if the order is not . There is no word whether the agreement that freed Daniloff includes anything on the twenty-five Soviets, which naturally leads to the final question: Has Daniloff's release today brought the United States and the Soviet Union any closer to a summit meeting? Secretaqry Shultz has said that a summit could not take place without Daniloff gaining his freedom. That has now been removed as an impediment to a summit, but the Soviets have called the Zakharov case and the matter of the twenty-five Soviet
obstacles to a summit as well. Until the details are made public of the agreement Shultz and Shevardnadze worked out, it will not be known what the
for a summit truly are. This is Mike Shuster in New York.
One year ago this month, a powerful earthquake in Mexico City killed more than nine thousand people. Tens of thousands of people lost their jobs because of the massive damage. Among those hardest hit by the quake were women garment workers, who worked in sweatshops concentrated in the heart of Mexico City. One year after the earthquake, Lucie Conger reports that some of the forty thousand seamstresses who lost their jobs are changing their attitudes about work.
On the fifth floor of a small office building in the heart of downtown, some thirty garment workers are back at work. Just as before the earthquake they're working on an assembly line. Each woman is
in one operation, like sewing
or putting buttonholes on a fancy
dress. But there the similarities with their past work end. The women here on Uruguay Street are running their own cooperative with machines they got from their former employer in a settlement when he closed his factory which was damaged by the earthquake. About fifteen groups of women have former cooperatives, setting up shop with equipment they received instead of an indemnification when factory owners shut down their former places of work. Running their own business has meant big changes for these women. All thirty-five women in this cooperative agree that they prefer working without a boss looking over their shoulder. For Juana , who used to cut patterns for dresses, not having a boss has given her the chance to develop new skills.
&Well, sometimes it's my job to solve some problems. I decide when to buy things. For example, when we run out of thread and needles, that's my job to decide on things that are needed.&
At the same time, since they set up the cooperative five months ago, the women have had the chance to realize that the old system of working for the patron or boss man had its good points. At the cooperative, the women only get paid when they complete a factory order. Last Friday came and went without a pay-check. Their income is low now, because they're assembling dresses instead of earning more by producing ready-made dresses of their own design. There are other concerns as well. While the seamstresses are grateful for the loans and technical assistance that they're getting from a Catholic church foundation, they worry about repaying the loans and keeping up with operation expenses like rent and phone bills. And leaving behind the tradition of having a boss is a difficult transition for Mexican women who are accustomed from childhood to responding to male authority figures. Paula Socer, a leader at another seamstresses' cooperative.
&They don't like us to tell them what to do. Since we are all owners, they think that we each can do what we want.&
Other garment workers are still working under the patron. But after the earthquake, many of the women began to question their position at work when they saw some factory owners moving more quickly to
and cash boxes than to rescue trapped workers. Dramatic events like these moved some four thousand seamstresses to join the September 19th Garment Worker's Union. The women blocked traffic and marched to the presidential palace before getting official recognition as an independent union not forced to
with the ruling party. Through the union, the seamstresses are demanding that factory owners respect the law by giving
pay for extra work, allowing workers to take vacation, and providing standard benefits. So far, nine factory owners have signed agreements with the union to guarantee workers' rights. But the union continues to face . Maria Hernandez worked in an illegal,
sweatshop before the earthquake and is now press chief for the union.
&The bosses and the soldout unions are always pressuring the women who work here, threatening them, saying that they're going to close down the business, but that if they continue to organize, one day something is going to happen to their family. And then they start firing people. They offer them money to turn in the ones who are organizing, to tell them who the leaders are.&
Manuela Purras is a seamstress who was fired in May for organizing the thirty-five women at the factory where she had worked for thirteen years. Today she's operating a small business on the edge of the empty paved lot where the union has its offices in temporary quarters provided by the municipal government. Here, alongside a busy thoroughfare, Manuela spends her days cooking tacos and selling them to passers-by to make a living until she can go back to work. The union is fighting to get Manuela and her co-workers reinstated in their jobs. Manuela Purras:
&We've joined the union mostly because we want to see improvements in our working conditions. I think that it will help us. Well, economically it is
us, and legally too, because at least until now it's not one of those soldout unions.&
The garment workers still have an uphill battle to fight, to secure a decent living for themselves and their children. In the year since the earthquake, they've made important strides in assuring that they get a fair shake. University students, lawyers and
have joined the seamstresses in their fight to set new terms at the work place. The creation of new organizations, like cooperatives and unions, and the forging of new alliances between educated
and popular groups may be the most
left by the earthquake. For National Public Radio, this is Lucie Conger in Mexico City.
点击收听单词发音&&
n.间谍行为，谍报活动
参考例句：
The authorities have arrested several people suspected of espionage.官方已经逮捕了几个涉嫌从事间谍活动的人。
Neither was there any hint of espionage in Hanley's early life.汉利的早期生活也毫无进行间谍活动的迹象。
adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃
参考例句：
Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。
vt.不顾，不理睬，否决；压倒，优先于
参考例句：
The welfare of a child should always override the wishes of its parents.孩子的幸福安康应该永远比父母的愿望来得更重要。
I'm applying in advance for the authority to override him.我提前申请当局对他进行否决。
adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的
参考例句：
The fortress is an imposing building.这座城堡是一座宏伟的建筑。
He has lost his imposing appearance.他已失去堂堂仪表。
边( margin的名词复数 )； 利润； 页边空白； 差数
参考例句：
They have always had to make do with relatively small profit margins. 他们不得不经常设法应付较少的利润额。
To create more space between the navigation items, add left and right margins to the links. 在每个项目间留更多的空隙，加左或者右的margins来定义链接。
v.收藏；取得
参考例句：
He has garnered extensive support for his proposals.他的提议得到了广泛的支持。
Squirrels garner nuts for the winter.松鼠为过冬储存松果。
n.救济，（失业）救济金；vt.（out）发放，发给
参考例句：
It's not easy living on the dole.靠领取失业救济金生活并不容易。
Many families are living on the dole since the strike.罢工以来，许多家庭靠失业救济金度日。
n.反对，敌对
参考例句：
The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。
adj.惩罚的，刑罚的
参考例句：
They took punitive measures against the whole gang.他们对整帮人采取惩罚性措施。
The punitive tariff was imposed to discourage tire imports from China.该惩罚性关税的征收是用以限制中国轮胎进口的措施。
n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说
参考例句：
They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
n.力量，影响；杠杆作用，杠杆的力量
参考例句：
We'll have to use leverage to move this huge rock.我们不得不借助杠杆之力来移动这块巨石。
He failed in the project because he could gain no leverage. 因为他没有影响力，他的计划失败了。
adv.显然地；表面上，似乎
参考例句：
An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。
n.客机，班机
参考例句：
The pilot landed the airliner safely.驾驶员使客机安全着陆。
The passengers were shepherded across the tarmac to the airliner.旅客们被引导走过跑道去上飞机。
协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过
参考例句：
negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。
n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下
参考例句：
He was kept in detention by the police.他被警察扣留了。
He was in detention in connection with the bribery affair.他因与贿赂事件有牵连而被拘留了。
苏维埃（Soviet的复数形式）
参考例句：
A public challenge could provoke the Soviets to dig in. 公开挑战会促使苏联人一意孤行。
The Soviets proposed the withdrawal of American ballistic-missile submarines from forward bases. 苏联人建议把美国的弹道导弹潜艇从前沿基地撤走。
v.报复，反击
参考例句：
He sought every opportunity to retaliate against his enemy.他找机会向他的敌人反击。
It is strictly forbidden to retaliate against the quality inspectors.严禁对质量检验人员进行打击报复。
v.废除，取消( rescind的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
Rescinded civil acts shall be null and void from the very beginning. 被撤销的民事行为从行为开始起无效。 来自互联网
They accepted his advice and rescinded the original plan. 他们听从了他的劝告，撤销了原计划。 来自互联网
n.外交官( diplomat的名词复数 )；有手腕的人，善于交际的人
参考例句：
These events led to the expulsion of senior diplomats from the country. 这些事件导致一些高级外交官被驱逐出境。
The court has no jurisdiction over foreign diplomats living in this country. 法院对驻本国的外交官无裁判权。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.希望，前途(恒为复数)
参考例句：
There is a mood of pessimism in the company about future job prospects. 公司中有一种对工作前景悲观的情绪。
They are less sanguine about the company's long-term prospects. 他们对公司的远景不那么乐观。
adj.专门的，专业化的
参考例句：
There are many specialized agencies in the United Nations.联合国有许多专门机构。
These tools are very specialized.这些是专用工具。
n.袖口( cuff的名词复数 )v.掌打，拳打( cuff的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
a collar and cuffs of white lace 带白色蕾丝花边的衣领和袖口
The cuffs of his shirt were fraying. 他衬衣的袖口磨破了。
n.鸡尾酒；餐前开胃小吃；混合物
参考例句：
We invited some foreign friends for a cocktail party.我们邀请了一些外国朋友参加鸡尾酒会。
At a cocktail party in Hollywood,I was introduced to Charlie Chaplin.在好莱坞的一次鸡尾酒会上，人家把我介绍给查理·卓别林。
n.咏叹调( aria的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Can you pick out the operatic arias quoted in this orchestral passage? 你能听出这段管弦乐曲里有歌剧式的咏叹调吗？ 来自辞典例句
The actions are large and colour, there are arias and recitatives. 动作夸张而华美，有唱段也有宣叙部。 来自辞典例句
v.救助，营救，援救；n.救助，营救
参考例句：
All attempts to salvage the wrecked ship failed.抢救失事船只的一切努力都失败了。
The salvage was piled upon the pier.抢救出的财产被堆放在码头上。
n.(总称)机械，机器；机构
参考例句：
Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗？
Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。
vt.使隶(附)属于；n.附属机构，分公司
参考例句：
Our New York company has an affiliate in Los Angeles.我们的纽约公司在洛杉矶有一个下属企业。
What is the difference between affiliate and regular membership?固定会员和附属会员之间的区别是什么？
adj.超时的，加班的；adv.加班地
参考例句：
They are working overtime to finish the work.为了完成任务他们正在加班加点地工作。
He was paid for the overtime he worked.他领到了加班费。
n.障碍( hurdle的名词复数 )；跳栏；（供人或马跳跃的）栏架；跨栏赛
参考例句：
In starting a new company, many hurdles must be crossed. 刚开办一个公司时，必须克服许多障碍。 来自《简明英汉词典》
There are several hurdles to be got over in this project. 在这项工程中有一些困难要克服。 来自辞典例句
adj.秘密的，暗中从事的
参考例句：
She is the director of clandestine operations of the CIA.她是中央情报局秘密行动的负责人。
The early Christians held clandestine meetings in caves.早期的基督徒在洞穴中秘密聚会。
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的
参考例句：
The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
n.男女平等主义者，女权扩张论者( feminist的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Only 16 percent of young women in a 1990 survey considered themselves feminists. 在1990年的一项调查中，只有16%的年轻女性认为自己是女权主义者。 来自辞典例句
The organization had many enemies, most notably among feminists. 这个组织有许多敌人，特别是在男女平等主义者中。 来自辞典例句
精华( elite的名词复数 )； 精锐； 上层集团； （统称）掌权人物
参考例句：
The elites are by their nature a factor contributing to underdevelopment. 这些上层人物天生是助长欠发达的因素。
Elites always detest gifted and nimble outsiders. 社会名流对天赋聪明、多才多艺的局外人一向嫌恶。
adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持
参考例句：
The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。
n.遗产，遗赠；先人(或过去)留下的东西
参考例句：
They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left.它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。
He thinks the legacy is a gift from the Gods.他认为这笔遗产是天赐之物。
v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的
参考例句：
Events in Paris wrought a change in British opinion towards France and Germany.巴黎发生的事件改变了英国对法国和德国的看法。
It's a walking stick with a gold head wrought in the form of a flower.那是一个金质花形包头的拐杖。
n.毁坏；荒废；极度震惊或悲伤
参考例句：
The bomb caused widespread devastation. 炸弹造成大面积破坏。
There was devastation on every side. 到处都是破坏的创伤。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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