高考非谓语动词单项选择题考点解读
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高考非谓语动词单项选择题考点解读
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高考非谓语动词单项选择题考点解读
文 章来源莲山 课件 w w w.5Y k J.C om 高考非谓语动词单项考点解读笔者以考试考点进行编排，便于考生从中了解掌握五年高考对非谓语动词考查的重点，做好对这块知识点的复习迎考工作。动词不定式考点一：不定式的时态和语态大多数情况下不定式以一般式形式出现,但在高考试题中往往会出现时态、语态的形式,如进行式、完成式、被动式等。1.①---- Is Bob still performing? ---- I'm afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official（2005江苏卷）A. to have left&&&&&& B. to leave&&&&& C. to have been left&&&&&& D. to be left解析：be said to have done的意思为“据说已经做了某事”。动词不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。类似知识点在2006年山东卷和2007辽宁卷中再次考到：②Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to____& since the flood hit the area last Friday.(2006年山东卷)A. have been missing&&&&&&& B. have got lost&&&&&& C. be missing&&&&&&& D. get lost&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 解析：显然“失踪”是在“报道”之前发生的，要用完成式。missing强调状态，get lost短暂性动作不可跟表示一段时间的状语since the flood hit the area last Friday连用。③The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. （2007辽宁卷）A. breaking&&&&&&&&&&&& B. having broken&&&&&&&&& C. to have broken&&&&&&&& D. break2.①The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left.（2004福建卷）A. to tell&&&& B. to be told&&& C. telling&&&& D. told解析：动词不定式与 only 连用表示未曾预料的结果，to be told 的意思为“被告之”，用不定式的被动语态.。相同知识点在2005广东卷和2006年的全国II卷中又考到：②He hurried to the station only ____ that the train had left.（2005广东卷）&& A. to have found&&& B. finding&&&&&&&&& C. found&&&&&&&&& D. to find③He hurried to the booking office only________that all the tickets had been sold out.& (2006年的全国II卷)A.to tell&&&&&&&&&&& B.to be told&&&&&&&&&& C.telling&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.told&&&&&&&&&&&& 3.①As the twentieth century came to a close ,the raw matenals for a great nstional literature were at hand,waiting___________.(2006湖南卷)A.to use&&&&&&&&&& B.to be used&&&&&&& C.to have used&&&&&&& D.to be using&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 解析：主语为the raw materials（原材料），与动词use存在被动关系，故选B。类似的知识点是考试的重之重。请看下列各题：②It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness______.(2006江西卷)A．to make&&&&&&& B．to be made&&&&&& C．making&&&&&&&&& D．being made&&&&&&&&&&&& 解析：It takes some time for sth/sb to do sth.It为形式主语代替后面的不定式。词组make a connection between A and B：由A联想到B。本句中the connection是不定式的逻辑主语，且存在逻辑上的被动关系。故选B。③The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games______in Beijing in 2008.& (2006四川卷)A.hold&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.holding&&&&&&&&& C.held&&&&&&&&&&&& D.to be held&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& & 解析：非谓语动词作后置定语的三种情况：the meeting to be held即将召开的会议，the meeting held已经召开的会议，the meeting being held正在召开的会议。很显然the 29th Olympic Games还没有召开，故选D。④It remains ________ whether Jim’ll be fit enough to play in the finals.& （2006浙江卷）A.seen&&&&&&&&& B. to be seen&&&&&&&& C. seeing&&&&&&&&&&& D. to see 解析：这是一个主语从句，it做形式主语whether Jim’ll be fit enough to play in the finals作真正的主语。remain后接to do sth作表语。see与主语从句是被动关系，所以要用 to be seen作 remains的表语。⑤When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there&&& for a space flight.（2007江西卷）& A.training&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.being trained&&&&&&&&& C.to have trained&&&&&&&&& D.to be trained解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式表目的，并且主语是动作的承受者。⑥The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.（2007浙江卷）&A. to be heard&&&& B. to have heard&&&&& C. hearing&&&& D. being heard 解析：struggle 后通常接不定式构成struggle to do ,还要考虑被动式的问题。相当于：I had to try my best to make myself heard.考点二：不定式的功能不定式是非谓语动词常见的一种形式，它具有名词的特征，在句子中可以作主语或宾语；具有形容词的特征，在句子中可以作表语、定语或补足语；具有副词的特征，在句子中可以作状语。（一）不定式的形容词性功能1. ―The last one __________________ pays the meal.&&& ―Agreed! （2007全国卷I）& A. arrived&&&&&&&&&&& B. arrives&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. to arrive&&&&&&&&&&&& D. arriving & 解析：本题考查动词不定式做定语的用法。在the first /the last后接不定式做定语表示“第一个/最后一个……的人或者事。2.The teacher asked us ______so much noise.&&&&&&&&&& （2003北京卷）A. don’t make& B. not make& C. not making&& D. not to make解析：本题考查不定式的两个知识点。在动词ask后面用不定式作宾语补足语，其否定形式是 not to do。常见的这类动词还有tell ,warn, order ，advise等。3.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots. (03年上海)A. to issue&& B. being issued& C. to have issued& D. to be issued解析：本句中不定式作主语补足语。order 后应接不定式，即order sb to do sth ,因此B被排除。又因为issue clear warnings的主语是all the soldiers,，也就是说all the soldiers是issue的施动者，所以issue要用主动形式，D也被排除。而且句子也没有强调动作对现在造成的影响，不必用完成时态。（二）不定式的副词性功能1.It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just ____ a look at the sports stars.（2005上海卷）&& A. had &&B. having &&&C. to have &&D. have解析：动词不定式充当目的状语。2.―Can the project be finished as planned?―Sure,&&&&&&&& it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.(2005福建卷)&A．having got&B．to get&C．getting&D．get解析：动词不定式在这里既能表示动作是在将来完成，又能表示目的。3._________ more about university courses, call (920)746-3789.（2005浙江卷）&A．To find out&B．Finding out &C．Find out&&&&&&&&&& D．Having found out解析：不定式to find out表目的，后跟祈使句。如“To relax yourself，come to our party．” 4.&&&&&&&&& this cake, you'll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. (2006广东卷)A. Having made&&&&&&& B. Make&&&&&&&&&&&& C. To make&&&&&&&&&&& D. Making&&&&&&&&&&&& & 解析：动词不定式作目的状语。（三）不定式的名词性功能1.I don’t want ____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.（2005天津卷）& A. to sound &B. to be sounded&&C. sounding &&D. to have sounded解析：动词不定式作宾语，sound是连系动词不用被动式，与谓语动词更没有时间的先后，这里不能用它的完成式。2.There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. （2007上海卷）& A. being persuaded&B. persuading&C. to be persuaded&&&&& D. to persuade解析：动词不定式作宾语，try to do sth表示“尽力做某事”。句意：“想劝你留下来我再没什么可说的了，祝你好运。”考点三：不定式的省略不定式的省略我们可以看分作两种，一种是不定式符号“to”后省略实义动词的形式；另一种则是对不定式符号“to”的省略。The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_____(NMET2005重庆卷)A. not to&&&& B. not to do&&& C. not do it&&& D. do not 解析：tell sb. to do sth. 的意思是“让某人做某事”。在英语中，为了避免重复，常用省略形式，在这个句子中省略了do it。选项 B 如果加上it，也可以选B。考点四：不定式的否定形式The teacher asked us ______so much noise.（2003北京卷）A. don’t make& B. not make& C. not making&& D. not to make解析：本题考查不定式的两个知识点。在动词ask后面用不定式作宾语补足语，其否定形式是 not to do。常见的这类动词还有tell ,warn, order，advise等。（此题在上文中已经提到过，为了强调该题的考点因而才重复提及。）考点五：不定式的特殊结构1.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____whether he was going in the right direction..(03年安徽春季)A seeing& B. having seen& C. to have seen& D. to see解析：原句应为---and looked as if he was seeing whether he was---,改为简单句就变成---looked as if to see2.―It’s a long time since I saw my sister. ―_______________ her this weekend? （2007全国卷I）& A. Why not visit&&&&&& B. why not to visit&&&&&&&& C. Why not visiting&&&&&& D. Why don’t visit解析：本题考查why（not）+do/why don’t you +do表达提议或者建议的用法。根据语境，只能选A项。3.①―Excuse me sir,where is Room 301?&&& ―Just a minute.I’ll have Bob ____you to your room. （2007北京卷）A.show&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.shows&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. to show&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. showing&&& 解析：have sb. do sth.让某人做某事，故选A。类似结构在2007江苏卷中再次考到：②My parents have always made me ______ about myself, even when I was twelve. （2007江苏卷）&& A. feeling well&B. feeling good&&&&&&&&& C. feel well&&&&&&&&&&& D. feel good&& 解析：题意为“我父母一直以来都使我对自己感到不错，即使当我在12岁的时候”，根据句子意思和feel （为连系动词）good表示“感到不错，感到满意，感到自信”的意思，不难选到D。考点六：独立主格结构I send you 100 dollars today,the rest___&&&&&&&&&& in a year. （2005湖南卷）A. follows&&&&&& B.followed&&&&& C. to follow&&&& D.being followed &解析：今天我先给你寄100美元。其余的钱一年内陆续寄过去。本题测试非谓语动词的用法。the rest和to follow构成独立主格结构。不定式表主动和将来。V-ing分词考点一：v-ing分词名词性功能v-ing分词名词性功能有：在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。1.____the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.(2003上海卷)A.The president will attend&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.The president to attendC.The president attended&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.The president’s attending 解析：此题为动名词的复合结构在句中作主语,句中the president’s为名词所有格充当动名词attending的逻辑主语。2.It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview.______ the answers ready will be of great help.（2005北京卷）A. To have had&&&&&& B. Having had&&&&& C. Have&&&&&&&& D.Having解析：动名词“Having the answers ready”作主语。动词不定式也可以做主语，但显然这儿不可用完成形式，所以选A是错误的。3.Eugene's never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use _____ with him.(2006上海卷)A. to argue&&& &&B. arguing&&& &&&C. argued&&& &&&D. having argued解析：本题考察非谓语动词中动名词的应用。学生应该记住一些固定语法，如本句中，It’s no use + V-ing（做什么事情毫无用处），故选B。4.①When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _______ at the party, but not ______.（2005北京卷）A. leaving& &B. to leave& C. leaving& &&D. to leave解析：remember 接 to do 与doing 做宾语的区别：remember doing& 回忆起过去做过的事；remember to do记住要做的事。类似的知识点在2006江西卷中再次考到，但是难度加大：②After he became conscious，he remembered______and______on the head with a rod．(2006江西卷)&&& A．hit&& B．to be attacked；to be hit& C. attacking；be hit&& D．having been attacked；hit解析：remember后面跟不定式作宾语表示记住要去做，而跟动名词作宾语表示记得已经做过了，跟动名词的一般式或完成式，意义一致。动名词与其逻辑主语存在着逻辑上的被动关系,故选D，答案中的hit等于having been hit。5.If you think that treating a woman well means always___her permission for things,think again.(2006湖南卷)A.gets&&&&&&&&&&&& B.got&&&&&&&&&&&& C.to get&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.getting&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 解析：mean doing sth意为“意味着做某事”，表示如果你认为对一个妇女好就意味着得到她给你东西的允许。mean to do sth意为“打算做某事”。6.I can’t stand _____ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses______ talking while she works. (2006北京卷)& A. stopping&& B. stopping&& C. to stop&&&& D. to stop&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& && stand在这里表示“忍受”，后面要求用动名词作宾语，而refuse要用不定式作宾语。7.①It is difficult to imagine his________the decision without any consideration.& (2006陕西卷)A.accept&&&&&&&&&&&& B.accepting&&&&&&&&& C.to accept&&&&&&&&& D.accepted&&&&&&&&&&&& imagine要求用动名词作宾语。该考点在2006江苏卷中再次考到：②--- There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.& （2006江苏卷）&& --- My goodness! I can’t imagine _________ that old.& &&&&& A. to be&&&&&&&& B. to have been&&& C.being&&&&&&&&&& D. having been&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&& imagine要求用动名词作宾语。imagine与动名词没有时间的先后。8.―Robert is indeed a wise man.&& ―Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ______ his advice! （2007安徽卷）&& A. to take&&&&&&& &&&& B. taking&&&&&&&& &&& C. not to take&&&&&&&&& && D. not taking解析：regret doing/having done对做过的事情很后悔，regret not doing/not having done表示对以前未做什么事情而后悔。用动名词作宾语。9. ―Can I smoke here?&& ―Sorry. We don’t allow ______ here. （2007江苏卷）& A. people smoking&B. people smoke&&&&&&&& C. to smoke&&&&&&&&&&& D. smoking解析：题意为“我可以在这里吸烟吗？抱歉，这里不允许吸烟”，根据allow的基本用法allow sb to do和allow doing的结构，选D。用动名词作宾语。10.Isn't it time you got down to______ the papers?& （2006重庆卷）A.mark&&&&&&&&&&& B.be marked　　&&&& C.being marked&&&&& D.marking&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 解析：got down to中的to是介词因而要用动名词作宾语，而动名词marking与其逻辑主语you是主动关系。11. You can't imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the snowstorm. （2007辽宁卷）A. walked&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. walk&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. to walk&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. walking解析：have difficulty in doing sth 结构的一种变化形式。用动名词作介词的宾语。考点二：v-ing分词形容词性功能v-ing分词形容性功能有：在句中充当定语、表语、补足语等。1.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV;there are pictures ______ in your mind instead of before your eyes.&&&&&&&&& (2004全国卷III)A.to form&&&&&&&&&&& B.form&&&&&&&&&& C.forming&&&&&&&&&& D.having formed解析：根据本题提供的语境，“看书时有画面在大脑中形成。”而there are 句子中are是谓语动词，所以本题应填非谓语动词，可排除B项。又因为“看书的同时就会形成”，排除A、D项，故选C，作定语。2.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket__________ the desert.&& (2006湖南卷)A.covering&&&&&&&&& B.covered&&&&&&&&&&& C.cover&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.to cover & 解析：现在分词短语作定语=which covers。3. Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him soon. （2007四川卷）&& A．said&&& &&& B．says&&& &&&&&& C．saying &&&&&& D．to say&& 解析：此句表示信中说到，故用v-ing形式saying表示主动,作定语=which said。4.At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom. （2007全国卷II）A. opened and closed&B. to be opened and closed& C. being opened and closed& D. to open and close解析：考虑到这句话体现的特定语境：桌子只有正在被一开一关声音才可能被外面的人听到，所以现在分词的被动式做定语。5. I smell something __________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? （2007全国卷I）& A. burning&&&&&&&&&&& B. burnt&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. being burnt&&&&&&&&& D. to be burnt& 解析：本题考查现在分词做宾语补足语用法。根据语境，可以知道，当时闻到了什么东西正在燃烧，所以请求过一会再给对方打过去电话。sth.与burn是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用smell sth burning。6. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ______ him. （2007上海卷）& A. calling&B. called&C. being called&&&&&&&&& D. to call& 解析：V-ing常接在感官动词如hear, see, catch, find, smell, feel和某些表“致使”意义的动词keep, have, leave等后作宾语补足语。由题干中的hear可知，空格内应填calling。his mother’s voice相当于his mother。考点三：v-ing分词副词性功能v-ing分词副词性功能体现在用来作状语。解题时考虑要用v-ing分词的什么形式。1.____in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.(2004 北京卷)A. To wait&&&& B.Have waited&&&& C.Having waited&&&& D.To have waited解析：本题考查现在分词完成式的用法。根据语法规则，当一个句子中前后两个部分被“，”隔开，而前一部分又不是一个完整的句子，则非完整的部分往往需要用非谓语动词，即用分词来连接句子，故排除A、B、D项。从题意可看出，“wait”这个动作发生在主句谓语动作realize之前，故用分词的完成式，即C项。2.The old man,_____abroad for twenty years,is on the way back to his motherland. (2004江苏卷)A. to work&&&& B.working&&&&& C. have worked&& D.having worked解析：从句意来分析，那个老人在国外工作20年后，现在正在返回祖国的路上。很明显，分词短语与主句之间为前后关系。而不定式作状语表目的、结果或条件，此处显然不合适，可先排除A和C项。分词的一般式作状语表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作或伴随状态，故排除B项，只有D项符合题意。3.______the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.(2004广东卷)A.Not completing&&&&& B.Not completed& C.Not having completed&&&& D.Having not completed解析：此题考查分词的完成式的否定形式的用法，依据题意，“未完成”和“逗留”两者有明显的时间先后，且分词的否定形式应在分词前加not，故选C。4.①_________, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. （2005全国II卷）A. General speaking&B. Speaking general&C. Generally speaking&D. Speaking generally解析：现在分词短语作为习语（一般说来）不需要遵守分词的附着规则：分词短语作状语其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则就是“垂悬分词”。该知识点在同一份试卷中又从另一侧面进行了考查：②While watching television, ________.（2005全国II卷）A. the doorbell rang&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. the doorbell rings&C. we heard the doorbell ring&&&&&&&&& D. we heard the doorbell ringswatching television的逻辑主语是we，hear+sb/sth+do听到……做了……该知识点在2006年全国II卷中再次考到：③Faced with a bill for＄10,000,________.(2006年全国II卷)A.John has taken an extra job&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.the boss has given john an extra jobC.an extra job has been taken&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.an extra job has been given to John&&&&&&&&&&&& 本题间接考查非谓语动词。过去分词短语作状语其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则就是“垂悬分词”。显然本句中所说欠债的是John 而不是老板。5.①“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, _______ away. (2005年全国II卷)&A. run&&&&B. running&&&C. to run&&&&&D. ran②We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _______ that all children like these things.& (2006全国III卷)A.thinking&&&&&&&&&& B.think&&&&&&&&&& C.to think&&&&&&&&&&& D.thought&&&&&&&&&&&& ③Don't sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table.& （2006湖北卷) A.do&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.to do&&&&&&&&&&&&& C.doing&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.and doing&&&&&&&&&& ④Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing.（2006江苏卷）&&& A. saying&&&&&&&& B. said&&&&&&&&&& C. to say&&&&&&&&&& D. having said&&&&&&&&&&&&& ⑤He is a student at Oxford University, __________ for a degree in computer science. （2007北京卷）A. studied&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. studying&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. to have studied&&&&&&& D. to be studying& 解析：根据句意“他是牛津大学的一名学生，在攻读计算机学位。”故选studying表示伴随。to have studied表示动作已完成；to be studying表示动作将要进行。⑥As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _________, and asked myself what I was going to do. （2007湖南卷）& A. moved&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B moving&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. to move&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. being moved 解析：（not）moving作stood的伴随状语，stood跟asked才是并列的成分。解析：以上六题所考知识点相同：句子主语和分词存在逻辑上的主动关系，且现在分词所表示的动作与句子谓语所表示的动作同时发生，现在分词短语作伴随状语。6.①Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year,______ a recorder US$57.65 a barrel on April 4.（2005山东卷）A. have reached&&&& B. reaching&&&&& C. to reach&&&&& D. to be reaching&& 解析：reaching 短语在句中作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语表示谓语动词所造成的结果。不定式也可作结果状语，但通常用于so+形容词或副词+as to，such+名词+as to，too…to，enough to和only to等结构。He hurried into the classroom, only to find nobody in it.类似知识点在2005广东卷和2007天津卷中再次考到：②He glanced over at her,_______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.（2005广东卷）&& A. having noted&&&&& B. noted&&&&&&&&&& C. to note&&&&&&&&& D. noting& 解析：根据上下文这里只能是用ing的一般式作状语表示结果，noting 这一动作和句中谓语动词glanced的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，因此要用ing的一般式。完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。③The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance,________ in the natural light during the day. （2007天津卷）A. to let&&& &&&&&& B. letting&&&& &&&&&&&& C. let&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. having let&& 解析：题干为“玻璃门代替了木门，结果白天进来了自然光。”故选letting。现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然的结果即谓语动词所造成的结果。7.&&&&& from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.（2005湖北卷）&A．Being separated&B．Having separated& C．Having been separated& D．To be separated解析：由句意可知Having been separated from other contnents…，与主句主语有被动的含义，并且先于主句谓语的动作，因此用现在分词完成式的被动式作原因状语。8.&&&&&&&& that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her. （2007陕西卷）A.To have said&&& B.Having said&&&&& C.To say&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.Saying解析：句子的意思是：虽然我说过他干得不怎么样,但我认为我自己也不比他能干。分词的完成式做状语,表示动作有先后。9.The manager, _______ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.（2005江西卷）&A．who has made&B．having made&C．made&D．making解析：这里考查的是动词的先后顺序：made先于left发生，现在分词的完成式having made it clear…相当于一个非限制性定语从句：who had made it clear...，表示时间或原因。10.When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.（2006浙江卷）&& A. compared&&&&& B. being compared&C. comparing&&&&&&& D. having compared&&&&&&&& && 解析：句子主语we和compare之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，且与谓语pay同时发生。对比2004湖北卷中的一道题（见下文过去分词考点一中的第三题）。考点四：独立主格结构1. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ________at the end of last March. （2007山东卷）A．has been launched&& B．having been launched&& C．being launched&&&&&& D．to be launched 解析：the most recent前没有连词，说明后面不是一个句子，因而该题考查独立主格结构，根据题干中提供的时间判断，最近的spacecraft已经被发射，用现在分词完成式的被动式，所以选择B。2. ―Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.―Sorry. With so much work&&&&&&&&&& my mind, I almost break down. （2007福建卷）A.filled&&&& B.filling&&&&&&& C.to fill&&&&& D.being filled解析：复合结构with sth. doing,考虑到with后面的名词so much work和动词后面的宾语my mind,逻辑上构成主谓宾的结构，所以只能选filling。过去分词考点一：过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别过去分词表示被动和人的心理感受，而现在分词一般式表示主动和事情本身所具有的性质或特点。1.Mr Smith, ____ of the ____ speech,started to read a novel.&&&& (2003北京卷)A.tired,boring&&&&& B.tiring,bored&&& C.tired,bored&&& D.tiring,boring解析：tired “感到厌倦”表示人的心理感受，要用过去分词；boring“令人厌烦的”表示事情本身所具有的性质或特点。2.①You should understand the traffic rule by now. 8.You’ve had it ____ often enough.（2005天津卷）&& A. explaining&&& B. to explain&&&C. explain&&D. explained解析：have +宾语+ done的结构，explain和it构成被动关系。explained作宾语补足语。该考点在2007福建卷再次考到：②Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English&&&&&&&& in a short period. （2007福建卷）A.improved&&&&&&& B.improving&&&&&& C.to improve&&&& D.improve3.①____&&& _with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004湖北卷)A. Compare&&&& B.when comparing&&&&&& C.Comparing&&&& D.When compared解析：本题考查现在分词作时间状语的用法。实际上这是一个时间状语从句，它的完全形式应为“when the biggest ocean is compared with the size of the whole earth”。而在when/if等引导的时间/条件状语从句中，如主句与从句的主语一致，从句的主语及其后的be动词均可省略，故选D项。该考点在2005福建卷和2007四川卷中再次考到：②When&&&&&&&& help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”（2005福建卷）&A．offering&B．to offer&C．to be offered&D.offered解析：offer的逻辑主语是one，是别人主动给one提供帮助（offer sb sth），所以应用过去分词。③The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day. （2007四川卷）&& A.watered&&&&&&&&&&& B. watering&&&&&&&&&&& C. water&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.to water解析：主语是flowers,故用过去分词watered表示被动=unless they are watered。4.There have been several new events _____ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.(2006北京卷)&& A. add&&&&&&&&&&& B. to add&&&&&&&&&&& C. adding&&&&&&&&&&&& D. added&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& && 解析：add与其所修饰的events之间存在着逻辑上的被动关系，故要用过去分词作定语。5._______for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.& (2006福建卷)A.Blaming&&&&&&&&&& B.Blamed&&&&&&&&&&& C.To blame&&&&&&&&&&&& D.To be blamed&&&&&&&& B&& 解析：blame与其逻辑主语Alice存在着被动关系，故要用过去分词作状语表原因。6.______with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.& (2006四川卷)A.Faced&&&&&&&&& B.Face&&&&&&&&&& C.Facing&&&&&&&&& D.To face&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 解析：本题考查非谓语动词及动词短语。Face的结构主要有两个： be faced with。如果此题没有with, 则正确答案就应是C。7.① A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left&&&&&& .（2006天津卷）A. unsatisfied&&&&&&&& B. unsatisfying&&&&&& C. to be unsatisfying&&& D. being unsatisfied&&&& 解析：“leave sb(sth)+形容词/现在分词/过去分词”是常用句型，leave 可以指示某人处于某种状态。Unsatisfied 是形容词。“but the reader must not be left unsatisfied”的意思是“决不能让读者不满意。”不是读者使别人满意，故不可选B。类似知识点在2007江苏卷中再次考到：②He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures. （2007江苏卷）&& A. interested&B. interesting&C. interest&&&&&&&&&&& D. to interest&& 解析：题意为“因为他总是力求使他的学生对他的课感兴趣，因此他很受他们的欢迎”，表示人对什么感兴趣应该用过去分词，故选A。8. Please remain _________ until the plane has come to a complete stop. （2007山东卷） A．to seat&&&&&&&&&&&& B．to be seated&&&&&&&&&& C．seating&&&&&&&&&&&& D．seated 解析：该题考查非谓语动词。seat可以做及物动词，其中有一层意思是“使/让某人坐下”，如，The teacher seated the boys and girls separately；其过去分词表示“坐下、坐着”的意思，如：Please be seated/Keep seated until you are asked to stand up。英语中还有一个词的用法比较类似，即dress。9. “Things _________ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself. （2007湖南卷）&& A. lost&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. losing&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. to lose&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. have lost 解析：lost做后置定语,表示“失去的东西无法挽回”。lost表示被动的完成的=which have been lost。考点二：过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别过去分词表示被动，而现在分词主动完成式只表示完成。1. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it. (2002全国卷)A. begins&&&&&&& B& having begun&&&&&& C .beginning&&&&&&&& D .begun解析：句中once begun作状语，相当于一个条件状语从句once it is begun，而主句的主语the research与begin是动宾关系，所以答案D是正确的。2.____ time,he’ll make a first-class tennis player.&&&&&&&&&&&&&& (2003北京卷)A .Having given&&& B .To give&&&& C .Giving&&&& D .Given解析：依据题意句子的主语he与give是被动关系，而选项中只有过去分词given表被动，故选D项。&&&&& A项只表示完成，不能表示被动。3._____by the beauty of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& (2004辽宁卷)A. Attracting&&& B.Attracted&&&& C.To be attracted&& D.Having attracted解析：本句中主句的主语是the girl,前面的非谓语动词attract和girl是被动关系，故选B项。D项只表示完成，不能表示被动。4.___&& _into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.（2005上海卷）&& A. Put &&B. Putting &&&C. Having put&&D. Being put解析：put sth. into use “让……投入使用”。显然，put 和句子主语the hotline 构成被动关系，所以用表示被动的过去分词。C项只表示完成，不能表示被动。5.________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police（2005江苏卷）A. Having lost&&&&&& B. Lost&&&&&&&&&&&& C. Being lost&&&&&&&& D. Losing解析：过去分词Lost=Having been lost=Having been missing表示一种持续的状态。6.______in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.（2005湖南卷）A.Dressed&&&& B. To dress&&&&& C.Dressing& D. Having dressed解析：句意：他穿着白制服看上去与其说象大夫到不如说象厨师。本题测试非谓语动词的用法。Dress是及物动词，其用法为dress sb/oneself（表动作），be dressed in（表状态）。Dress与句子的主语he是动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，表被动。7. _____ automatically the e-mail will be received by all the club members. （2006上海卷）&& A. Mailed out&&& &&B. Mailing out&&& &&&C. To be mailed out&&& D. Having mailed out解析：动词Mail的逻辑主语是句子的主语email，由于邮件是被寄出，所以应该用过去分词表示被动含义，故选A。D项只表示完成，不能表示被动。27. ______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. （2007浙江卷）& A. Driven&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. Being driven&&&&&&&&&& C. To drive&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. Having driven 解析：Driven表示“受…的驱动”=Having been driven.本句意思：受对蔬菜需求量上涨的驱动,农民建了更多的蔬菜大棚。考点三：过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别过去分词表示被动，而现在分词一般被动式表示被动且进行的。1.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company,______as 3M.&& (2004浙江卷)A.knowing&&&&&&&&& B.known&&&&&&&&& C.being known&&&&&&& D.to be known解析：此题考查过去分词作定语的用法。known as相当于一个非限制性的定语从句 which was known as 3M，故选B项。2.When first _____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.(2004全国卷II)A.introducing&&&&&&&&& B.introduced&&&&&&& C.introduce&&&&&& D.being introduced解析：根据题干提示，此题省略了主语和be动词，补全后应为When these products are first introduced to the market，因products与introduce之间构成动宾关系，所以应用过去分词形式，正确答案为B。3.The prize of the game show is ＄30,000 and all expenses __________ vacation to China.（2005北京卷）A. paying&&&& B. paid&&&&& C. to be paid&&&&&& D. being paid解析：pay 和expenses 构成被动关系，且表示完成，用过去分词。4.The repairs cost a lot ,but it’s money well&&&&&& .（2005湖北卷）&A．to spend&B．spent&C．being spent &D．spending解析：本题考系表结构和非谓语动词。spent是过去分词作表语。5.______ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.& (2006全国I卷)A. Surprising&&&&&&& B. Surprised&&&&&&&& C. Being surprised&&&&&& D. To be surprising&&&&&& & 解析：过去分词与形容词构成短语作伴随状语。6.No matter how frequently&&&&&& , the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. (2006广东卷)A. performed&&&&&&&&& B. performing&&&&&&&& C. to be performed&&&&& D. being performed&&&&& & 解析：perform与其逻辑主语the works of Beethoven存在着被动关系，故要用过去分词作状语。7.Five people won the “China’s Green Figure”award, a title ____ to ordinary people their contributions to environmental protection.& (2006山东卷)A.being given&&&&&& B. is given&&&&&&&&& C. given&&&&&&&&&&&& D. was given&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 解析：give与其所修饰的a title 存在着被动关系，故要用过去分词作定语。7. The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time. （2007上海卷）& A. to be completed&B. having been completed&& C. completed&&&&&&&&& D. being completed& 解析：由句子中的过去时间状语in the 1800’s可知，空格内应填过去分词completed作定语表已完成的被动动作。句意：“19世纪建成的城市大厦是当时最著名的建筑”。考点四：with复合结构和独立主格结构1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________, he gladly accepted it. （2007安徽卷）& A. finished&&&&&&& &&&& B. finishing&&&& &&&& C. having finished&&&& && D. was finished& 解析：with+n+分词的复合结构。工作当然是被完成，所以说with his work finished.2. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _______ for the day. （2007重庆卷）A. finishing &&& B. finished&&&&&&&&&& C. had finished& &&&&&&&&& D. were finished& 解析：首先判断这句话不是并列句,因为无连词，所以只能是分词做状语。一天的功课当然是被做完,这样their lessons finished就构成了独立主格结构做状语。
&文 章来源莲山 课件 w w w.5Y k J.C om
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