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Advanced Energy MaterialsEarly View (Online Version of Record published before inclusion in an issue)Editor-in-Chief: Joern Ritterbusch, Deputy Editor: Guangchen XuImpact Factor: 16.146ISI Journal Citation Reports & Ranking:
(Energy & Fuels); 4/139 (Chemistry Physical); 4/143 (Physics Applied); 4/67 (Physics Condensed Matter); 5/259 (Materials Science Multidisciplinary)Online ISSN: Associated Title(s): , , , , , , , , , , ,
Select AllVIEW1 - 67Minsub Oh, Sekwon Na, Chang-Su Woo, Jun-Ho Jeong, Sung-Soo Kim, Alicja Bachmatiuk, Mark Hermann R&mmeli, Seungmin Hyun and Hoo-Jeong LeeArticle first published online: 27 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Repetition of electrochemically driven in-/out-flux of lithium ions separates Ti and Fe from Si in a (Ti, Fe)-alloyed Si anode, rendering ripple-like pattern of (Ti, Fe) segregation regions. The ripple pattern, acting as &self-formed& buffer, and subsequent morphology evolution enable an excellent cyclic stability, stable operation for more than 500 cycles at a capacity of 1400 mAh g&1.
Lan Zhou, Qimin Yan, Aniketa Shinde, Dan Guevarra, Paul F. Newhouse, Natalie Becerra-Stasiewicz, Shawn M. Chatman, Joel A. Haber, Jeffrey B. Neaton and John M. GregoireArticle first published online: 26 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Through integration of high throughput experimental and theoretical techniques, CuO-V2O5 is established as the most prominent composition system for oxygen evolution reaction photoelectrocatalysts. Four photoelectrocatalyst phases are discovered and structure&property relationships are developed using a strategic combination of combinatorial synthesis, high throughput screening, and detailed electronic structure calculations.
Daniel Bahro, Manuel Koppitz, Adrian Mertens, Konstantin Glaser, Jan Mescher and Alexander ColsmannArticle first published online: 26 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A three-terminal tandem solar cell architecture enables detailed studies of the external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of organic homo-tandem solar cells. Due to optoelectronic equality, all results can be transferred to conventional two-terminal tandem cells including a detailed study of subcell saturation by monochromatic bias light and bias voltage needed for accurate EQE measurements.
Shuyin Xu, Yuesheng Wang, Liubin Ben, Yingchun Lyu, Ningning Song, Zhenzhong Yang, Yunming Li, Linqin Mu, Hai-Tao Yang, Lin Gu, Yong-Sheng Hu, Hong Li, Zhao-Hua Cheng, Liquan Chen and Xuejie HuangArticle first published online: 25 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A new strategy through partially/fully substituting the redox couple of existing negative electrodes in their reduced forms is proposed to design the corresponding new positive electrode materials. The power of this strategy is demonstrated through the successful design of new tunnel-type positive electrode materials of Na0.61[Mn0.61-xFexTi0.39]O2, exhibiting a usable capacity of &90 mAh g&1 and a high storage voltage of 3.56 V.
Maxwell Zheng, Hsin-Ping Wang, Carolin M. Sutter-Fella, Corsin Battaglia, Shaul Aloni, Xufeng Wang, James Moore, Jeffrey W. Beeman, Mark Hettick, Matin Amani, Wei-Tse Hsu, Joel W. Ager, Peter Bermel, Mark Lundstrom, Jr-Hau He and Ali JaveyArticle first published online: 25 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The design and performance of solar cells based on InP grown by the nonepitaxial thin-film vapor&liquid&solid growth technique is investigated. The cell structure consists of a Mo back contact, p-InP absorber layer, n-TiO2 electron selective contact, and indium tin oxide transparent top electrode. The highest measured open circuit voltage (VOC) under 1 sun is 692 mV, which approaches the optically implied VOC of &795 mV extracted from the luminescence yield of p-InP.
Sima Aminorroaya Yamini, David R. G. Mitchell, Zachary M. Gibbs, Rafael Santos, Vaughan Patterson, Sean Li, Yan Zhong Pei, Shi Xue Dou and G. Jeffrey SnyderArticle first published online: 14 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The thermoelectric efficiency of multiphase nanostructured Pb-chalcogenides is improved substantially by sodium doping beyond the solubility limit of the matrix. Heterogeneous distribution of this dopant between the matrix and second phase precipitate arises due to solubility differences, which vary as a function of temperature. The resulting intrinsic modulation doping boosts the charge carrier mobilities at elevated temperatures.
Norah Balahmar, Andrew C. Mitchell and Robert MokayaArticle first published online: 14 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A mechanochemical activation route enables the production of lowly activated biomass-derived carbons with higher surface area compared to conventionally activated carbons but with no change in pores of size 5.8&6.5 &A. This results in a dramatic rise in CO2 storage capacity at 25 &C; up to 2.0 and 5.8 mmol g&1 at 0.15 and 1 bar, respectively.
Jens Adams, Michael Salvador, Luca Lucera, Stefan Langner, George D. Spyropoulos, Frank W. Fecher, Monika M. Voigt, Simon A. Dowland, Andres Osvet, Hans-Joachim Egelhaaf and Christoph J. BrabecArticle first published online: 12 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Lifetime limitations of current-generation inverted and encapsulated organic solar cells under damp heat conditions are identified by correlating photovoltaic device performance with lock-in IR imaging techniques. The combination of electroluminescence imaging and water diffusion modeling may inform strategies for predicting early performance losses in solar cells and modules.
Kamrul Hasan, Emre &Cevik, Eva Sperling, Michael A. Packer, D&nal Leech and Lo GortonArticle first published online: 11 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The photo-electrogenic activity of a green alga, Paulschulzia pseudovolvox, is shown and the electron transfer from photolysis of water via the green alga cells to the electrode is revealed either directly or mediated by an osmium redox polymer. When benzoquinone is added to the electrolyte and the cells are protected from reactive oxygen species by the addition of superoxide dismutase, the maximum photocurrent recorded was 11.50 &A cm&2. In the presence of an inhibitor specific for photosystem II, diuron, the photocurrent decreases by 50%.
Yehao Deng, Zhengguo Xiao and Jinsong HuangArticle first published online: 7 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Continuous illumination of the organometal trihalide perovskite (OTP) devices can cause the photovoltaic poling effect, termed light-induced self-poling (LISP), which improves the stabilized device efficiency significantly. The effect of LISP is comparable to the poling by an externally applied electric field, which can be explained by the redistribution of ions/vacancies within the OTP layers driven by photovoltage-induced additional electric field.
Shushu Zheng, Hui Ju and Xing LuArticle first published online: 7 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. High-temperature KOH activation of C70 microtubes produces the corresponding 3D carbon materials containing both macropores and micropores, which exhibit excellent capacitive performances with typical capacitances of as high as 362.0 F g&1. This is much better than that of the original microtubes (3.7 F g&1), opening a wide avenue toward the applications of fullerenes in energy storage.
Gaoran Li, Min Ling, Yifan Ye, Zhoupeng Li, Jinghua Guo, Yingfang Yao, Junfa Zhu, Zhan Lin and Shanqing ZhangArticle first published online: 7 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The gum arabic (GA) binder based sulfur cathode (75 wt% sulfur) is evaluated under long-term cycling at C/5. The excellent mechanical properties of GA endow the S@GA cathode with high binding strength and suitable ductility to buffer volume change, while the functional groups chemically and physically confine sulfur species within the cathode to inhibit the shuttling effect of the polysulfides.
Rasmus Frydendal, Elisa A. Paoli, Ib Chorkendorff, Jan Rossmeisl and Ifan E. L. StephensArticle first published online: 7 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A strategy for designing a nonprecious metal catalyst with improved stability for oxygen evolution in acidic electrolyte is presented. Density functional theory calculations suggest that surface titanium on manganese oxide should increase the catalyst stability without affecting the activity. This notion is confirmed experimentally with thin films of Ti&MnO2.
Sergio Giraldo, Markus Neuschitzer, Thomas Thersleff, Sim&n L&pez-Marino, Yudania S&nchez, Haibing Xie, M&nica Colina, Marcel Placidi, Paul Pistor, Victor Izquierdo-Roca, Klaus Leifer, Alejandro P&rez-Rodr&guez and Edgardo SaucedoArticle first published online: 7 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A large improvement of Cu2ZnSnSe4 solar cell efficiency is presented based on the introduction of a Ge superficial nanolayer. This improvement is explained by three complementary effects: the formation of a liquid Ge-related phase, the possible reduction of Sn multicharge states, and the formation of GeOx nanoinclusions, which lead to an impressive solar cell (VOC) increase.
Yuesheng Wang, Linqin Mu, Jue Liu, Zhenzhong Yang, Xiqian Yu, Lin Gu, Yong-Sheng Hu, Hong Li, Xiao-Qing Yang, Liquan Chen and Xuejie HuangArticle first published online: 6 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm.Tunnel-type Na0.66[Mn0.66Ti0.34]O2 is successfully designed and synthesized as a positive electrode material for aqueous sodium-ion batteries. It shows a high reversible capacity of &76 mAh g&1 at a current rate of 2 C with an average voltage of 1.2 V vs. NTP. The aqueous full-cell demonstrates excellent cycle performance with small capacity decay after 300 cycles.
Yolanda Sadikin, Matteo Brighi, Pascal Schouwink and Radovan Čern&Article first published online: 6 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Novel mixed-anion compounds Na3BH4B12H12 and (Li0.7Na0.3)3BH4B12H12 show superionic conduction corresponding to highly disordered cations and continuous migration paths in the structure. Na-rich Na3BH4B12H12 with a room-temperature conductivity of 0.5 & 10&3 S cm&1 provides a light-weight solution for the electrolyte in Na-based all solid-state batteries. (Li0.7Na0.3)3BH4B12H12 favors ionic conductivity for both Li and Na cations, but only above 500 K.
Byung Chul Kim, Jin-Yong Hong, Gordon G. Wallace and Ho Seok ParkArticle first published online: 4 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Flexible electrochemical capacitors have been considered as one of the most promising candidates for lightweight, flexible, and wearable electronic devices in our society. The growing field of flexible electrochemical capacitors is reviewed with a focus on electrode materials and device configurations. In addition, the most promising advances and future challenges are identified.
Sung-Min Lee, Weigu Li, Purnim Dhar, Sergey Malyk, Yu Wang, Wonmok Lee, Alexander Benderskii and Jongseung YoonArticle first published online: 3 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Plasmonically enhanced upconverion luminescence is exploited to improve the collection efficiency of above-bandgap, long-wavelength photons in ultrathin nanostructured silicon solar microcells. A composite solar module integrated with plasmonic silver nanostructures and upconversion printing medium enables the performance enhancement of surface-embedded 8 &m thick nanostructured silicon microcells by synergistic effects of plasmonically enhanced spectral upconversion, waveguiding, and fluorescence of upconversion nanocrystals.
Dae Yang Oh, Young Jin Nam, Kern Ho Park, Sung Hoo Jung, Sung-Ju Cho, Yun Kyeong Kim, Young-Gi Lee, Sang-Young Lee and Yoon Seok JungArticle first published online: 3 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The excellent stability of sulfide solid electrolyte with solvate ionic liquids Li(triethylene glycol dimethyl ether)bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li(G3)TFSI) and their application in high-performance all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries are successfully demonstrated. The addition of a small amount of Li(G3)TFSI gives an alternative ionic pathway through normally poor solid&solid contacts, leading to a dramatic increase in capacity of LiFePO4 composite electrode.
Le Yu, Buyuan Guan, Wei Xiao and Xiong Wen (David) LouArticle first published online: 3 AUG 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Mesoporous yolk-shelled Ni&Co mixed oxide nanoprisms have been prepared via a facile precipitation of precursor particles combined with an annealing process. When employed as electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries, these intriguing particles manifest remarkable electrochemical properties with high specific capacitance/capacity and excellent cycling stability.
Zhi-wen Chang, Ji-jing Xu, Qing-chao Liu, Lin Li and Xin-bo ZhangArticle first published online: 28 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Recent research on enhancing the mechanical and chemical stability of cathode for non-aqueous Li-O2 battery is summarized. In light of recent achievements, the structural integrity of constructed cathode can be well-maintained with a rational architectural design and the chemical stability can be effectively improved with the construction of a protection layer on the cathode.
Benjamin L. Williams, Jonathan D. Major, Leon Bowen, Wytze Keuning, Mariadriana Creatore and Ken DuroseArticle first published online: 27 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The effectiveness of various chlorides for activating CdTe solar cells is explored, in view of replacing the highly toxic CdCl2. It is shown that the chosen chloride must have a low dissociation energy (&4 eV) in order to catalyze the necessary metallurgical and stoichiometric changes. Significant insight into the Cl-activation mechanism is gained from the results.
Li Zheng, Gang Cheng, Jun Chen, Long Lin, Jie Wang, Yongsheng Liu, Hexing Li and Zhong Lin WangArticle first published online: 27 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A hybridized power panel is developed that can individually or simultaneously generate power from sunlight, raindrop, and wind, when any or all of them are available in an ambient environment. Without compromising the output performance of the solar cell itself, it is an innovative compensation to the common solar cells, especially in raining seasons or at night.
Bo Wu, Kunwu Fu, Natalia Yantara, Guichuan Xing, Shuangyong Sun, Tze Chien Sum and Nripan MathewsArticle first published online: 27 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Electric-field and charge accumulation-induced perovskite structure response are used to explain the hysteresis and ultraslow dynamics in CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) perovskite-based solar cells. The charge transfer efficiency at perovskite interfaces is found to be significant in determining the severity of the hysteresis in perovskite photovoltaic devices. The interface between perovskite and TiO&2 should be modified to minimize the hysteresis.
Talia Gershon, Cayla Hamann, Marinus Hopstaken, Yun Seog Lee, Byungha Shin and Richard HaightArticle first published online: 27 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Cu2ZnSnS4-based solar cells lacking an alkali diffusion barrier contain a non-uniform distribution of Na in the absorber layer. Samples containing Na &hot spots& have corresponding light beam induced current hot spots on comparable length scales. Na hot spots are also correlated with increased Cu in-diffusion with the underlying MoS2 layer and decreased diffusion of Cd to the back contact.
Christian J. Mueller, Michael Brendel, Pia Ruckdeschel, Jens Pflaum and Mukundan ThelakkatArticle first published online: 27 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Tailored low molecular weight diketopyrrolopyrrole compounds with a precise energy level offset are synthesized by tuning the electron deficiency on the terminal aryl unit. Application of these compounds in cascade solar cells in combination with C60 leads to drastically increased short-circuit current densities and power conversion efficiencies.
Derrek E. Lobo, Parama Chakraborty Banerjee, Christopher D. Easton and Mainak MajumderArticle first published online: 23 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. High resolution planar micro-supercapacitors are fabricated by optimised focused ion beam irradiation, resulting in geometries with inter-electrode spacings as small as 1 &m, the smallest reported to date. These electrodes are observed to have exceptional electrochemical properties with a high specific capacitance (102 mF/cm2), low equivalent series resistance and short response time along with high energy and power densities.
Etienne Eustache, Camille Douard, Richard Retoux, Christophe Lethien and Thierry BrousseArticle first published online: 22 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A simple, binder-free fabrication of high capacitance electrodes based on manganese dioxide (MnO2) thin films is reported. The 3D structure of these electrodes significantly improves the areal capacitance of the MnO2 thin films up to 670 mF cm&2 in aqueous electrolyte, which is 4.5 times higher than the best reported capacitance of 3D electrodes thus far. This capacitance is on the same order of magnitude than that of a bulk carbon electrode. Moreover, the 3D MnO2 based electrode exhibits a stable cycling behavior for more than 15 000 cycles.
Dennis Wittmaier, Natalia A. Ca&as, Indro Biswas and Kaspar Andreas FriedrichArticle first published online: 22 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Material behavior of gas diffusion electrodes for lithium-air batteries with a highly stable bimetallic catalyst is investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formation and evolution of Ag2O and specifically AgIAgIIIO2 phases for Ag and Ag/Co3O4 electrodes at different potentials is demonstrated and quantitatively determined. Complementary XRD-mappings show the homogeneous distribution and decomposition of higher Ag oxides over time under ambient conditions.
Subhrangsu Mukherjee, Christopher M. Proctor, Guillermo C. Bazan, Thuc-Quyen Nguyen and Harald AdeArticle first published online: 20 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Resonant soft X-ray scattering reveals a correlation between average domain purity and device fill-factor for an efficient solution processed small molecule 7,7&-(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-silolo[3,2-b:4,5-b&]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(6-fluoro-4-(5&-hexyl-[2,2&-bithiophen]-5-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole):phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (p-DTS(FBTTh2)2:PC71BM) system. The results show the requirement of optimal combination of phase purities to diminish bimolecular as well as geminate recombination.
Stefan G. Haass, Matthias Diethelm, Melanie Werner, Benjamin Bissig, Yaroslav E. Romanyuk and Ayodhya N. TiwariArticle first published online: 17 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. An 11.2% efficient kesterite solar cell is fabricated with a open circuit voltage (Voc ) deficit of only 0.57 V, possible by employing the three-stage annealing process. The reduced Voc deficit goes along with an increased minority carrier lifetime, low diode saturation current, and ideality factor, which are signatures of the semiconductor material with a low concentration of recombination centers.
Lisa J. Wang, Maher F. El-Kady, Sergey Dubin, Jee Youn Hwang, Yuanlong Shao, Kristofer Marsh, Brian McVerry, Matthew D. Kowal, Mir F. Mousavi and Richard B. KanerArticle first published online: 17 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Ultra-high power supercapacitors (5&7 & 105 W kg&1) are made using a 3D graphene architecture active material. Flash converted graphene (FCG) active material is made by reducing freeze-dried graphene oxide using an ordinary camera flash as a photothermal source. Pre-FCG and post-FCG are two different methods of making flash converted graphene supercapacitors and show different properties and capacitive behaviors.
Sae Byeok Jo, Min Kim, Dong Hun Sin, Jaewon Lee, Heung Gyu Kim, Hyomin Ko and Kilwon ChoArticle first published online: 15 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The carrier selectivity at charge collecting interfaces in organic solar cells is demonstrated through the utilization of ferroelectric&semiconductor blend interlayers. Transient electrical measurements reveal the elongated charge carrier lifetime within devices with highly charge-selective contacts, which is well correlated with the asymmetric development of charge carrier density profiles in the photo&active layers.
James L. Banal, Jonathan M. White, Tin Wai Lam, Andrew W. Blakers, Kenneth P. Ghiggino and Wallace W. H. WongArticle first published online: 15 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Aggregation is the key. Positional isomerism can influence the physical and optoelectronic properties of materials and provides a basis for further improving the performance of planar concentrator devices. Transparent planar concentrators can be realized from aggregates of gem-pyrene ethenes due to their large Stokes shift and high luminescence efficiency.
Alexandru Vlad, Neelam Singh, Charudatta Galande and Pulickel M. AjayanArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Intensive work in the field of unconventional electrochemical energy storage devices has resulted in impressive progress. With many configurations and approaches successfully demonstrated, system-level considerations call for further improvements. An overview of the recent advances in electrode materials, processing and device architectures for energy storage applications is provided and guidelines for further developments are given.
Tiejun Zhu, Chenguang Fu, Hanhui Xie, Yintu Liu and Xinbing ZhaoArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Thermoelectric materials offer a promising solution for harvesting ubiquitous waste heat to useful electrical power. Both high operating temperature and high figure of merit are desirable for high efficiency thermoelectric power generation. Half-Heusler compounds are one of most promising high temperature thermoelectric materials (&900 K) with good mechanical robustness and thermal stability for practical application.
Zhenghua Su, Joel Ming Rui Tan, Xianglin Li, Xin Zeng, Sudip Kumar Batabyal and Lydia Helena WongArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. 9.2%-efficiency Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS)-based pure sulfide thin film solar cells are fabricated by replacing partial Zn with Cd via low-cost sol&gel method. The appropriate incorporation of Cd into CZTS thin films can adjust band gaps, improve microstructure, and reduce the ZnS secondary phase in CZTS thin film, resulting in significant improvement of efficiencies.
Yu-Ting Weng, Hsiao-An Pan, Rung-Chuan Lee, Tzu-Yang Huang, Yun Chu, Jyh-Fu Lee, Hwo-Shuenn Sheu and Nae-Lih WuArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The possibility of stabilizing MnO 2 electrode using a SiO 2 -confined nanostructure, which exhibits exceptionally good electrochemical stability under large negative polarization in aqueous electrolyte, is demonstrated. The nano&structured composite exhibits unique mixed &pseudocapacitance-battery behaviors involving consecutive reversible charge transfer from Mn(IV) to Mn(II). A strategy to design and stabilize electrochemical materials that are composed of intrinsically unstable but high-performing component materials is suggested.
Zhaofei Chai, Mei Wu, Manman Fang, Sushu Wan, Ting Xu, Runli Tang, Yujun Xie, Anyi Mei, Hongwei Han, Qianqian Li and Zhen LiArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The sensitizer configuration of the acceptor and anchoring group affects electron injection and recombination in the corresponding dye-sensitized solar cells. The partial broken conjugation shows an efficient approach to enhancing photovoltaic performance after a systematical investigation of seven similar-looking sensitizers.
Fr&d&ric Le Cras, Brigitte Pecquenard, Vincent Dubois, Viet-Phong Phan and Delphine Guy-BouyssouArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Nanosized silicon based all-solid-state lithium-ion microbatteries are manufactured and packaged using industrial equipment. The perfect stability of these cells allows the study of the specific features of the silicon electrode (Li15Si4, memory effect) and their influence on the electrochemical behavior of the Li-ion cell for different cell designs and operating conditions.
Caitlin McDowell, Maged Abdelsamie, Kui Zhao, Detlef-M. Smilgies, Guillermo C. Bazan and Aram AmassianArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. In situ measurement shows that polystyrene (PS) and diiodooctane (DIO) additives promote donor crystallite formation synergistically, on different time scales and through different mechanisms. PS-rich films retain solvent, promoting phase separation early in the casting process. Meanwhile, the low vapor pressure of DIO extends the time scale of film evolution and allows for crystalline rearrangement of the donor phase after casting.
Sheng Chen, Jingjing Duan, Pengju Bian, Youhong Tang, Rongkun Zheng and Shi-Zhang QiaoArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A 3D catalyst electrode mimicking external stimuli&responsive functionality has been fabricated, which not only exhibits superior performance toward catalyzing oxygen evolution reaction (OER), but also dynamically change its color with the OER, providing an opportunity to quickly monitor the catalytic reaction.
Songping Wu, Rui Xu, Mingjia Lu, Rongyun Ge, James Iocozzia, Cuiping Han, Beibei Jiang and Zhiqun LinArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Graphene-based nanomaterials are promising candidates for electrode materials in next-generation energy storage devices. Consequently, they have generated considerable interest to date. Various synthesis strategies for nanoparticle/graphene composites are summarized. Recent progress and perspectives on the future development of nanomaterial/graphene composites as electrode materials are also presented.
Gyoungsik Kim, Seyeong Song, Jungho Lee, Taehyo Kim, Tack Ho Lee, Bright Walker, Jin Young Kim and Changduk YangArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Nonionic phosphonate side chains are introduced into an isoindigo-based model polymer in order to induce a high compatibility at hybrid organic/inorganic interfaces, while controlling charge transport/collection and recombination dynamics in inverted polymer solar cells. This approach can bring &20% improvement in efficiency when compared to a nonmodified control analog.
Yunsang Kim, Mohanalingam Kathaperumal, Vincent W. Chen, Yohan Park, Canek Fuentes-Hernandez, Ming-Jen Pan, Bernard Kippelen and Joseph W. PerryArticle first published online: 14 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A hybrid sol&gel dielectric bilayer structure yields a maximum energy density of 40 J cm&3 with high extraction efficiency. The silica sol&gel dielectric is coated by an alkylphosphonic acid monolayer, as a charge-blocking layer. The dense monolayer suppresses charge injection and electrical conduction, leading to high energy extraction efficiency, which exhibits nearly linear dielectric behavior suitable for high energy density applications.
Karolina U. Laszczyk, Kazufumi Kobashi, Shunsuke Sakurai, Atsuko Sekiguchi, Don N. Futaba, Takeo Yamada and Kenji HataArticle first published online: 7 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A wafer-scale integrated energy device circuit (IEDC) consisting of electrochemically isolated microsupercapacitor cells that could be connected in parallel and in series, and in arbitrarily arrangements. Such IEDC possesses the same capacitance, operational voltage, same order relaxation time constant although being 1/1000th-times smaller than an equivalent Al electrolytic capacitor.
Jae Woong Jung, Chu-Chen Chueh and Alex K.-Y. JenArticle first published online: 6 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. High-performance planar heterojunction perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) solar cell (PVSC) is demonstrated by utilizing CuSCN as a hole-transporting layer. Efficient hole-transport and hole-extraction at the CuSCN/CH3NH3PbI3 interface facilitate the PVSCs to reach 16% power conversion efficiency (PCE). In addition, excellent transparency of CuSCN also enables high-performance semitransparent PVSC (10% PCE and 25% average visible transmittance) to be realized.
Sheng-Heng Chung, Pauline Han, Richa Singhal, Vibha Kalra and Arumugam ManthiramArticle first published online: 3 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Various activated carbon nanofibers (ACNF) are adhered onto one side of a polypropylene membrane to form ACNF-filter-coated separators. Four different ACNF filters with tunable micropores are examined to optimize the polysulfide-trapping capability, enhance redox reversibility, and bolster mechanical durability. The results demonstrate that ACNF filters possessing abundant micropores and good electrical conductivity emphatically boost the overall Li&S cell performance.
You have full text access to this OnlineOpen articleAndrea Di Cicco, Angelo Giglia, Roberto Gunnella, Stephan L. Koch, Franziska Mueller, Francesco Nobili, Marta Pasqualini, Stefano Passerini, Roberto Tossici and Agnieszka WitkowskaArticle first published online: 3 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The evolution of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) in carbon-coated ZnFe2O4 (ZFO-C) anodes is studied by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Experiments probe locally the SEI growth in the 2&100 nm range, using both total electron (TEY) and total fluorescence (TFY) yield techniques. XAS analysis shows that the SEI grows preferentially around the ZFO-C nanoparticles.
Emiliana Fabbri, Maarten Nachtegaal, Xi Cheng and Thomas J. SchmidtArticle first published online: 1 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Carbon acts as activity booster for Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-& for the oxygen reduction and evolution reaction due to the occurrence of electronic effects that change the local perovskite electronic configuration. The change of the Co oxidation state in Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-& when it is coupled with carbon can account for the superior catalytic activity composite electrodes versus single material electrodes.
Linlin Li, Shengjie Peng, Hao Bin Wu, Le Yu, Srinivasan Madhavi and Xiong Wen (David) LouArticle first published online: 1 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. An advanced free-standing film electrode is successfully fabricated by anchoring hierarchical porous V2O5 nanosheets on flexible electrospun carbon nanofibers. Utilizing this integrated electrode, a flexible quasi-solid-state hybrid supercapacitor is assembled and shown to manifest outstanding cycling stability, enhanced energy/power density, and excellent flexibility.
Hideyuki Komatsu, Hajime Arai, Yukinori Koyama, Kenji Sato, Takeharu Kato, Ryuji Yoshida, Haruno Murayama, Ikuma Takahashi, Yuki Orikasa, Katsutoshi Fukuda, Tsukasa Hirayama, Yuichi Ikuhara, Yoshio Ukyo, Yoshiharu Uchimoto and Zempachi OgumiArticle first published online: 1 JUL 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Here the phase transition dynamics of LixNi0.5Mn1.5O4 is elucidated on high rate charging&discharging using operando time-resolved X-ray diffraction (TR-XRD). The TR-XRD results indicate the existence of intermediate states ascribed to the solid-solution domains at the phase transition front. The phase transition pathways dependent on the reaction rate are shown, together with possible explanation for this unique transition behavior.
Ju-Hyuck Lee, Hanjun Ryu, Tae-Yun Kim, Sung-Soo Kwak, Hong-Joon Yoon, Tae-Ho Kim, Wanchul Seung and Sang-Woo KimArticle first published online: 30 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Thermally induced strain-coupled highly stretchable and sensitive pyroelectric nano&generators have been demonstrated using a different thermal expansion coefficient in the micropatterned P(VDF-TrFE) and PDMS structures. When the piezoelectric and pyroelectric effects are coupled, the power-generating performance of the nanogenerator is dramatically enhanced with high stretchability. The highly sensitive pyroelectric nanogenerator operates with temperature changes ranging from extremely low to high.
Yubo Chen, Wei Zhou, Dong Ding, Meilin Liu, Francesco Ciucci, Moses Tade and Zongping ShaoArticle first published online: 29 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Recent advances in the development of cathode materials for Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are reviewed, focusing on the relationship between crystal structure, composition, catalytic activity, and durability. Various strategies for microstructure optimization and performance enhancement are also highlighted, together with challenges and prospects, to provide guidelines for knowledge-based design of novel cathodes for a new generation of SOFCs.
Qiming Liu, Ryo Ishikawa, Shuji Funada, Tatsuya Ohki, Keiji Ueno and Hajime ShiraiArticle first published online: 29 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. p-Toluenesulfonic acid/dimethyl sulfoxide (PTSA/DMSO)-treated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/crystalline-silicon (c-Si) hybrid solar cells with a solution-processed anti-reflection coating of TiO2 exhibit a record power conversion efficiency of 15.5%. Additionally, the performance stability of the hybrid device for both air storage and light exposure is improved due to removal of the PSS matrix from the PTSA/DMSO-treated PEDOT:PSS thin film.
Xiulin Fan, Jianfeng Mao, Yujie Zhu, Chao Luo, Liumin Suo, Tao Gao, Fudong Han, Sz-Chian Liou and Chunsheng WangArticle first published online: 26 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A SnP3 anode material with a theoretical volumetric capacity of 6890 mAh cm&3 is investigated for Na-ion batteries. The SnP3/C can deliver a reversible capacity of 810 mAh g&1 at a current density of 150 mA g&1 for 150 cycles. The superior performance is attributed to the strong bonding interaction of P and Sn after desodiation.
Thazhe Veettil Vineesh, M. Praveen Kumar, Chisato Takahashi, Golap Kalita, Subbiah Alwarappan, Deepak K. Pattanayak and Tharangattu N. NarayananArticle first published online: 25 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Bifunctional catalyst is a novel concept in modern energy technologies, where the same catalyst can be used for water splitting and oxygen reduction reactions. For the first time, a nanoparticle-free graphene-based material obtained by a novel preparation route is demonstrated to have favorable bifunctional catalytic properties.
Shunmian Lu, Xing Guan, Xinchen Li, Wei E. I. Sha, Fengxian Xie, Hongchao Liu, Jiannong Wang, Fei Huang and Wallace C. H. ChoyArticle first published online: 25 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A new all-solution processed metal oxide/dipole layer/metal oxide interconnecting layer (ICL) for efficient tandem organic solar cell (OSC) is demonstrated. The dipole layer modifies the work function of molybdenum oxide to eliminate a pre-existing counter diode between MoO x
and TiO2. Based on this ICL, homotandem OSCs with doubled open-circuit voltage and 15.53% enhancement of power conversion efficiency from a single OSC are achieved.
Dewei Zhao, Cheng Zhang, Hyunsoo Kim and L. Jay GuoArticle first published online: 25 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. A high-performance Ta2O5/Al-doped Ag electrode is presented by inserting a di&electric layer of Ta2O5 underneath ultrathin Al-doped Ag film. Such an Al-doped Ag can be as thin as 4 nm with excellent transparency. Fine light management by tuning the Ta2O5 thickness leads to enhancement of photocurrent and power conversion efficiency for the Ta2O5/Al-doped Ag-based organic solar cells due to the optical cavity effect, superior to their indium tin oxide counterparts.
Laila Jaber-Ansari, Kanan P. Puntambekar, Soo Kim, Muratahan Aykol, Langli Luo, Jinsong Wu, Benjamin D. Myers, Hakim Iddir, John T. Russell, Spencer J. Salda&a, Rajan Kumar, Michael M. Thackeray, Larry A. Curtiss, Vinayak P. Dravid, Chris Wolverton and Mark C. HersamArticle first published online: 24 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Lithium manganese oxide (LMO) is a leading cathode material for high-performance Li-ion batteries. However, LMO suffers from capacity loss due to dissolution of manganese during battery cycling. In this work, single-layer graphene coatings are shown to significantly reduce manganese loss in LMO cathodes while concurrently promoting the formation of a well-defined solid electrolyte interphase layer that further enhances cyclability.
Xuanpeng Wang, Chaojiang Niu, Jiashen Meng, Ping Hu, Xiaoming Xu, Xiujuan Wei, Liang Zhou, Kangning Zhao, Wen Luo, Mengyu Yan and Liqiang MaiArticle first published online: 24 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. K3V2(PO4)3/C bundled nanowires are designed and fabricated using a facile organic acid-assisted method. Ex situ and in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the stable framework of the K3V2(PO4)3/C bundled nanowires is responsible for the excellent cycling stability. Constructing K3V2(PO4)3/C bundled nanowires provides an effective approach to enhance the electrochemical performance for sodium-ion batteries.
Sara Trost, Andreas Behrendt, Tim Becker, Andreas Polywka, Patrick G&rrn and Thomas RiedlArticle first published online: 24 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. In organic solar cells (OSCs), the necessity of UV activation that comes with the use of ZnO- and TiOx-based electron extraction layers (EELs) can be avoided by using tin oxide (SnOx), which can be prepared at temperatures as low as 80 &C. In contrast to devices based on TiOx and ZnO, OSCs comprising SnOx as EEL show well-behaved solar cell characteristics with a high fill factor (FF) and high efficiency even without the UV spectral range of the AM1.5 solar spectrum.
Mei Yang, Yiren Zhong, Jingjing Ren, Xianlong Zhou, Jinping Wei and Zhen ZhouArticle first published online: 23 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. High-power Li-ion hybrid supercapacitors are fabricated with a sophisticated design in which both electrodes are based on ultrafine 3D structures. With a maximum exposure of the exterior surface to facilitate fast interfacial reaction and remedy kinetic imbalance, the hybrid devices demonstrate high energy&power integration and form a perfect bridge for the energy storage gap among the currently available technologies.
Khalid Mahmood, Bhabani Sankar Swain and Aram AmassianArticle first published online: 22 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Enhanced power conversion efficiency of 16.1% is reported in hysteresis-free perovskite solar cells when an electron-rich polymer nanolayer is conformally coated on the surface of electron-collecting, nitrogen-doped, high-aspect-ratio ZnO nanorods.
Lipeng Hu, Haijun Wu, Tiejun Zhu, Chenguang Fu, Jiaqing He, Pingjun Ying and Xinbing ZhaoArticle first published online: 18 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Hot deformation is directly applied to zone melted Bi2Te3&x Se x
ingots to optimize the thermoelectric performance. The induced multiscale microstructures, including microscale grain refinement, nanoscale distorted regions, and atomic-scale point defects, reduce the lattice thermal conductivity but maintain the high power factor, resulting in a high figure of merit of zT & 1.2 at 357 K.
Jie Min, Yuriy N. Luponosov, Nicola Gasparini, Moses Richter, Artem V. Bakirov, Maxim A. Shcherbina, Sergei N. Chvalun, Linda Grodd, Souren Grigorian, Tayebeh Ameri, Sergei A. Ponomarenko and Christoph J. BrabecArticle first published online: 18 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. The length of the terminal alkyl chains at dicyanovinyl groups of two dithienosilole containing small molecules is investigated to evaluate how such parameter influences the molecular solubility, blend morphology, and transport limitations as well as their photovoltaic performance in bulk heterojunction solar cells.
Katie L. Nardi, Nuoya Yang, Colin F. Dickens, Alaina L. Strickler and Stacey F. BentArticle first published online: 18 JUN 2015 | DOI: 10.1002/aenm. Nickel oxide electrocatalysts are depo&sited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and activated in situ for the oxygen evolution reaction. The Fe content in the electrolyte and the catalyst surface area are controlled to achieve enhanced activity. Fe is found to inhibit restructuring in the catalysts but increase the turnover frequency. The importance of activation of ALD-&deposited hydrous oxide electrocatalysts is discussed.
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