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This page is about the International Phonetic Alphabet.
For the English version, see .
used in this article or section may not be easy for everybody to understand. You can help Wikipedia by reading , then simplifying the article. (July 2012)
The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system for writing down sounds. It was created by the
in 1886, so that people could write down sounds of
in a standard way. , language teachers, and
use this system to show the pronunciation for .
also uses the IPA to show how certain words are meant to be spoken. Most symbols are letters in the , or variations of it. For example, the palatal approximant (the y in yesterday) is written with [j]. In IPA symbols can be written between slashes (broad transcription, e.g."little" can be written as /l?tl/ ) or in square brackets ( narrow transcription, e.g. "little" can be written [l???] ). Narrow translation is more precise than broad.
The IPA has symbols only for sounds that are used normally in spoken languages. The
is used to write down other sounds.
The IPA is sometimes changed, and symbols are added or taken away. Right now there are 107 different letters in the IPA, and 52 diacritics which are used with the letters.
In 1886, a group of
language teachers formed the . These teachers used the
at first. They later changed the alphabet so that different languages would all write the same sounds with the same letters.
The IPA is made to have one symbol for each sound. For example, the letter &x& in English normally is spoken as two sounds ([ks]), but could also mean [gz] or [z].
The International Phonetic Alphabet has letters for three types of sounds: pulmonic consonants, non-pulmonic consonants, and vowels.
Pulmonic consonants are made by obstructing air coming from the lungs. Most consonants (and all English consonants) are pulmonic. The symbols for these sounds are arranged in a table. The rows show how the sound is made, and the columns show where it is made.
Where the sound is made →
How the sound is made ↓
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  a 
   
   
   
   
   *
   +
   +
   
   
   
   
*   
*   
*   
   
   
   
   
   
   *
   
   
Non-pulmonic consonants are made without air coming from the lungs. There are three types of non-pulmonic consonants. Implosive consonants are made by taking air into the mouth. Ejective consonants are made by forcing the air out of the voicebox instead of the lungs. Click consonants are made by creating an airtight pocket in the mouth and quickly releasing it.
(1999). Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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phonetic alphabet是什么意思
中文翻译英英解释通话表无线电话字母读法音标字母语音字母表:&&&&adj. 1.语音(上)的；语音学的。 2.表示语音的； ...:&&&&n. 1.字母表。 2.初步。 短语和例子 a phon ...
例句与用法1.An issue in the scheme of the chinese language phonetic alphabet中一个需要商榷的问题2.When spelling use the phonetic alphabet to avoid confusion当拼写时要用语音字母表来避免混乱。 3.The phonetic alphabet of chinese中文的拼音字母。 4.Orthography of words in chinese phonetic alphabet and their application in the teaching of chinese to foreign students汉语拼音正词法及其在对外汉语教学中的应用5.Use the phonetic alphabet page ( at the beginning of most good dictionaries ) as a guide to pronouncing new words使用语音字母表（在开始最好字典）作为对新词发音的指南。 6.Note : chinese phonetic alphabet or english names of the applicant and / or his employer are to be filled in where necessary注：申请人如有需要，请自行正确填写个人姓名和/或工作单位名称的拼音或英文译名。 7.Si is the international phonetic alphabet for the word see . it ? s also the quickest way for you to understand the meaning of this symbol[ si ]是国际音标为see下的注，是解读[ si ]这个符号最快捷的思维联想。 8.Including the ipa ( international phonetic alphabet ) , standard symbols and alphabet of variant nations . please use the ipa of this font for submission to our journal包括国际音标、标准符号和多国文字。本刊国际音标请使用此字体。 9.The consonant that begins a syllable is called an initial and there are 21 of them in modern chinese （ the international phonetic alphabet in the brackets ）一个音节开头的辅音叫做声母。现代汉语一共有21个声母（方括弧内是国际音标） 。 10.The movement can be divided into four aspects : 1 . the unification of language 2 . spoken style 3 . simplified characters 4 . phonetic alphabet综观一系列运动的要求，可以归纳为四个方面：一、语言的共同化；二、文体的口语化；三、文字的简便化；四、注音的字母化。 &&更多例句：&&1&&&&
相邻词汇热门词汇phonetic是什么意思，词典释义与在线翻译：
adj.(形容词)
表示语音的
音形一致的
语音差异的
发音有细微区别的
Adjective:
of or relat
"phonetic transcription"
of or relating to the scientific st
"phonetic analysis"
phonetic的用法和样例：
用作形容词 (adj.)
The major parts of the investigation concentrated on the phonetic system of the standerd Mongolian.
本论文用声学语音学的理论和方法对现代蒙古语标准音语音系统进行了系统的分析。
语音特征,语音要素...
口授打字机
语音拼音表
发音肌麻痹
[语]音标字母...
语音演变, 语音变 ...
The greatest revolution..in the phonetic system of English is the vowel-shift.
出自：O. Jespersen
phonetic的海词问答与网友补充：
phonetic的相关资料：
phonetic&:&语声的，
在&&中查看更多...
phonetic&:&语音的；语 ...
在&&中查看更多...
【近义词】
phonetic:phonetic adj. 语音的, 语音学的, 表示语音的 英英解释:形容词phonetic:1. of or relating to speech sounds同义词：phonic2. of or…
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phonetic alphabet是什么意思
phonetic alphabet是什么意思
是音标的意思～}